CVE-2025-4890 in Tourism Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 05/18/2025
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Tourism Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function LoginUser of the component Login User. The manipulation of the argument username/password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally is a requirement. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/24/2025
This critical vulnerability exists within the code-projects Tourism Management System version 1.0, specifically within the LoginUser function of the Login User component. The flaw represents a stack-based buffer overflow that occurs when processing username and password arguments, creating a significant security risk for systems running this software. The vulnerability requires local attack access, meaning an attacker must already have access to the system to exploit it, though this still represents a serious concern for privileged users or those with local system access. The public disclosure of this exploit increases the risk significantly as it provides attackers with specific techniques to leverage this weakness. According to CWE classification, this vulnerability maps to CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, which is categorized under the broader weakness of insufficient control of the buffer boundaries. The attack vector requires local system access, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1068, which involves exploiting local system permissions to gain elevated privileges. The buffer overflow occurs during authentication processing when the system fails to properly validate or limit the length of input parameters, allowing an attacker to overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation within the LoginUser function, where username and password parameters are processed without proper boundary checks. When an attacker provides input exceeding the allocated buffer space, the excess data overflows into adjacent stack memory, potentially corrupting program execution flow or allowing arbitrary code execution. This type of overflow is particularly dangerous because it can be exploited to overwrite return addresses, function pointers, or other critical stack variables, effectively allowing an attacker to redirect program execution. The local attack requirement suggests that the vulnerability may be more difficult to exploit remotely, but local access is often easier to achieve through various means such as physical access, legitimate user credentials, or privilege escalation attacks. The system's failure to implement proper bounds checking or input sanitization during the authentication process creates a direct pathway for malicious input to cause unintended memory corruption. This vulnerability is particularly concerning in a tourism management system context where sensitive user data and potentially financial information may be processed during authentication.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple authentication bypasses or denial of service conditions, as it could potentially allow for privilege escalation or complete system compromise when exploited by a local attacker. In a tourism management system environment, this could result in unauthorized access to customer data, reservation information, payment details, or other sensitive business information. The system's authentication mechanism becomes a potential entry point for attackers seeking to escalate privileges or gain unauthorized access to system resources. Organizations running this software are at risk of data breaches, regulatory compliance violations, and potential financial losses if attackers successfully exploit this vulnerability. The public disclosure of the exploit means that the attack techniques are readily available to malicious actors, increasing the probability of successful exploitation. The vulnerability affects the core authentication functionality, making it a critical component of the system's security posture. The attack requires minimal network interaction since it's a local exploit, but the consequences can be severe for organizations that do not implement proper security controls or patch management procedures.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate patching of the affected software version and implementation of proper input validation controls. Organizations should prioritize updating to the latest version of the Tourism Management System that addresses this buffer overflow vulnerability, as provided by the software vendor. The implementation of proper bounds checking and input sanitization within the LoginUser function is essential to prevent stack-based buffer overflows. Security measures should include stack canaries, address space layout randomization, and other exploit mitigation techniques to reduce the effectiveness of potential exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other components of the system. Access controls and privilege separation should be implemented to limit local system access, reducing the attack surface for local exploits. Network segmentation and monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual authentication patterns or potential exploitation attempts. The system should implement proper error handling and logging mechanisms to detect malformed input attempts. Organizations should also consider implementing application whitelisting, mandatory access controls, and other defensive measures to protect against local exploitation attempts. Regular vulnerability scanning and security patch management procedures should be maintained to ensure all known vulnerabilities are addressed promptly. The remediation process should include comprehensive testing to verify that the patch does not introduce regressions or compatibility issues with existing system functionality.