CVE-2025-4907 in Daily Expense Tracker System
Summary
by MITRE • 05/19/2025
A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System 1.1. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /forgot-password.php. The manipulation of the argument email leads to sql injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/19/2025
The CVE-2025-4907 vulnerability represents a critical sql injection flaw within the PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System version 1.1, specifically affecting the /forgot-password.php component. This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the email parameter processing functionality. The flaw allows remote attackers to manipulate the email argument in ways that bypass normal security controls, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the underlying database system. The vulnerability's classification as critical indicates the severe potential impact on system integrity and data confidentiality, particularly given that the exploit has been publicly disclosed and is actively available for use by threat actors.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a classic sql injection attack vector where the email parameter in the forgot-password functionality fails to properly sanitize user input before incorporating it into sql queries. This occurs because the application directly concatenates user-supplied email addresses into sql statements without appropriate parameterization or input filtering mechanisms. The attack surface extends across the entire database backend, potentially allowing adversaries to execute arbitrary sql commands, extract sensitive information, modify database records, or even escalate privileges within the system. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-89 category, which specifically addresses sql injection flaws in software applications.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-4907 extends beyond simple data compromise, as it provides attackers with potential persistence mechanisms within the expense tracking system. Remote exploitation capabilities mean that threat actors can target the system from any location without requiring physical access or local credentials. The disclosed exploit availability significantly increases the risk profile, as security researchers and malicious actors alike can leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to user accounts, financial data, and potentially sensitive organizational information. This vulnerability directly maps to several ATT&CK techniques including T1190 for exploitation of remote services and T1071.004 for application layer protocols, as the attack targets web application functionality specifically.
Organizations utilizing the PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System must implement immediate mitigations to address this vulnerability. The primary remediation involves implementing proper input validation and parameterized queries throughout the email parameter processing in the forgot-password functionality. This includes implementing prepared statements with proper parameter binding, input sanitization, and output encoding mechanisms. Additional security controls should include web application firewalls, rate limiting on password reset requests, and comprehensive monitoring of suspicious authentication attempts. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of regular security assessments and code reviews, particularly for applications handling sensitive user data. Organizations should conduct immediate vulnerability scans to identify systems running affected versions and implement patch management procedures to ensure all instances are updated with appropriate security fixes.