CVE-2025-4941 in Credit Card Application Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 05/19/2025
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in PHPGurukul Credit Card Application Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/index.php. The manipulation of the argument Username leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/28/2025
This critical vulnerability in PHPGurukul Credit Card Application Management System version 1.0 represents a severe sql injection flaw that compromises the system's database integrity and confidentiality. The vulnerability exists within the administrative interface at /admin/index.php where user input is improperly validated and directly incorporated into sql query construction without adequate sanitization or parameterization. The specific attack vector involves manipulation of the Username argument, which when exploited allows an attacker to inject malicious sql code that can be executed by the database server. This particular weakness falls under the CWE-89 category of sql injection, which is consistently ranked among the top ten web application security risks by owasp and cwe. The remote exploitation capability of this vulnerability means that attackers can potentially compromise the system without requiring physical access or local network presence, making it particularly dangerous in production environments where administrative interfaces are accessible over the internet.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as successful exploitation could enable attackers to escalate privileges, modify or delete sensitive credit card application data, and potentially gain access to additional system resources through the compromised administrative account. Credit card application management systems typically contain highly sensitive personal and financial information that would be valuable on the black market, making this vulnerability particularly attractive to cybercriminals. The disclosure of the exploit to the public increases the likelihood of widespread exploitation, as malicious actors can immediately implement the attack without requiring additional reconnaissance or development time. This vulnerability directly maps to several tactics in the attack tree framework including privilege escalation, defense evasion, and data theft, as outlined in the mitre attack framework. The attack surface is further expanded due to the administrative nature of the vulnerable endpoint, potentially allowing for complete system compromise if the administrative account credentials are not properly secured through additional layers of authentication or access controls.
Organizations utilizing this vulnerable system should immediately implement multiple layers of mitigation strategies to protect against exploitation attempts. The most critical immediate action involves patching the application to ensure proper input validation and sql parameterization throughout all user input fields, particularly within the administrative interface. Database access controls should be reviewed and restricted to minimize the potential impact of successful exploitation, implementing the principle of least privilege for database accounts. Network-level protections including firewalls and intrusion detection systems should be configured to monitor for suspicious sql injection patterns and limit access to administrative endpoints to trusted ip addresses only. Additionally, regular security assessments should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, as this vulnerability likely indicates broader input validation issues within the application. The implementation of web application firewalls and sql injection prevention tools can provide additional protection layers, though these should not be considered a replacement for proper code-level fixes. Organizations should also establish incident response procedures specifically addressing sql injection attacks, including regular monitoring of system logs for evidence of exploitation attempts and maintaining up-to-date backups to facilitate rapid recovery in case of successful compromise.