CVE-2025-49558 in Commerce
Summary
by MITRE • 08/12/2025
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14 and earlier are affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could result in a security feature bypass. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by manipulating the timing between the check of a resource's state and its use, allowing unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/15/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-49558 represents a critical Time-of-check Time-of-use race condition flaw affecting multiple versions of Adobe Commerce including 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14 and earlier releases. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-367 category of Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use race condition, which occurs when an application performs a check on a resource state and subsequently uses that resource without revalidating the state between these operations. The flaw manifests in Adobe Commerce's security mechanisms where the system checks permissions or resource states at one point in time but then utilizes the same resource at a later point without verifying that the conditions still hold true, creating an exploitable window.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate the timing between state verification and actual resource utilization to bypass security controls. When Adobe Commerce performs checks on file access, user permissions, or resource availability, an attacker can exploit the temporal gap between these operations to alter the resource state in a way that would normally be prevented. This manipulation enables unauthorized write access to protected resources, effectively undermining the application's security model. The vulnerability operates without requiring any user interaction, making it particularly dangerous as it can be exploited automatically by malicious actors. The race condition typically occurs in scenarios where the system performs access control checks on files or directories, and then proceeds with operations that may have been altered during the brief window between checking and using the resource.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as it allows for potential data corruption, unauthorized modifications to critical application components, and possible lateral movement within the affected system. Attackers could leverage this weakness to modify configuration files, inject malicious code into the application, or manipulate sensitive data processing workflows. The security feature bypass capability means that traditional access control mechanisms may be rendered ineffective, potentially allowing attackers to perform operations that should be restricted to authorized users only. This vulnerability particularly impacts e-commerce environments where data integrity and access control are paramount, as it could lead to financial fraud, data breaches, or complete system compromise.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-49558 should focus on eliminating the race condition through proper synchronization mechanisms and revalidation of resource states. Organizations should immediately apply the vendor-provided patches and updates to affected Adobe Commerce installations. System administrators should implement additional monitoring for suspicious file access patterns and unauthorized modifications to critical application components. The implementation of proper atomic operations and locking mechanisms can help prevent the race condition from occurring. Additionally, following the ATT&CK framework's guidance for privilege escalation and defense evasion techniques, security teams should establish robust logging and alerting mechanisms to detect potential exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider implementing network segmentation and access controls to limit the potential impact should the vulnerability be successfully exploited, while maintaining compliance with security standards such as NIST SP 800-53 and ISO 27001 requirements for secure application development and deployment practices.