CVE-2025-50405 in RX1500
Summary
by MITRE • 07/01/2025
Intelbras RX1500 Router v2.2.17 and before is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control in the FirmwareUpload function and GetFirmwareValidation function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/03/2025
The Intelbras RX1500 Router firmware version 2.2.17 and earlier contains a critical access control vulnerability that affects the FirmwareUpload and GetFirmwareValidation functions. This vulnerability stems from insufficient authorization checks within the router's web interface, allowing unauthorized users to bypass normal authentication mechanisms and gain access to privileged firmware management operations. The flaw exists in the router's固件 implementation where the system fails to properly validate user permissions before executing sensitive firmware-related operations, creating a pathway for malicious actors to upload unauthorized firmware or validate firmware images without proper authentication credentials. This vulnerability directly relates to CWE-285 which addresses improper authorization in software systems, and represents a significant weakness in the router's security architecture that undermines the integrity of its firmware management capabilities.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit the FirmwareUpload function by sending crafted HTTP requests that bypass the normal authentication flow required for firmware updates. Similarly, the GetFirmwareValidation function lacks proper access controls, enabling unauthorized users to retrieve or validate firmware information that should only be accessible to authenticated administrators. These functions operate within the router's web server component and are typically protected by authentication mechanisms that are either absent or improperly enforced during the validation process. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects core router functionality and could enable complete system compromise through unauthorized firmware manipulation. Attackers could potentially upload malicious firmware that would allow persistent backdoor access, remote code execution, or complete system takeover.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple unauthorized access to encompass potential system compromise and network infiltration. An attacker who exploits this vulnerability could gain persistent access to the router's management interface and subsequently compromise the entire network segment connected to the device. This represents a significant threat to network security as the router serves as a critical gateway device, and unauthorized access could enable lateral movement within the network, data exfiltration, or disruption of network services. The vulnerability affects a substantial number of devices in the field, particularly those deployed in enterprise and industrial environments where network security is paramount. According to ATT&CK framework category T1078 for Valid Accounts and T1543 for Create or Modify System Process, this vulnerability enables adversaries to establish persistent access and potentially modify system processes through unauthorized firmware manipulation.
Organizations should immediately implement mitigations including firmware updates from Intelbras to address the access control flaws in the affected router versions, while also implementing network segmentation to limit access to router management interfaces. Additional protective measures include restricting access to management ports through firewall rules, implementing strong authentication mechanisms, and conducting regular security audits of network devices. Network administrators should also monitor for unauthorized access attempts and implement intrusion detection systems to identify potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and access control implementation in embedded systems, particularly in network infrastructure devices that require robust security controls to prevent unauthorized access and maintain network integrity. Organizations should also consider implementing device authentication and integrity checking mechanisms to prevent unauthorized firmware modifications and ensure the authenticity of all system components.