CVE-2025-50610 in WF2880
Summary
by MITRE • 08/13/2025
A buffer overflow vulnerability has been discovered in Netis WF2880 v2.1.40207 in the FUN_00476598 function of the cgitest.cgi file. Attackers can trigger this vulnerability by controlling the value of wl_base_set_5g in the payload, which can cause the program to crash and potentially lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack.
Be aware that VulDB is the high quality source for vulnerability data.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/14/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-50610 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the Netis WF2880 router firmware version v2.1.40207. This issue manifests in the cgitest.cgi component through the FUN_00476598 function, where improper input validation creates an exploitable condition that can be leveraged by malicious actors. The vulnerability specifically arises when attackers manipulate the wl_base_set_5g parameter within HTTP requests, allowing them to overflow memory buffers and disrupt normal system operations. Such buffer overflow conditions fall under CWE-121, which describes stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities, and are particularly dangerous in network infrastructure devices where stability and availability are paramount. The affected device operates as a wireless router and access point, making it a prime target for attackers seeking to disrupt network connectivity and compromise enterprise or residential network infrastructure. The cgitest.cgi file serves as a common interface for configuration and testing functions within the router's web-based management system, making it a logical target for exploitation attempts.
The technical execution of this vulnerability involves the manipulation of the wl_base_set_5g parameter through specially crafted HTTP requests sent to the router's web interface. When the router processes these requests, the FUN_00476598 function fails to properly validate or constrain the input length, allowing an attacker to provide data that exceeds the allocated buffer space. This overflow can overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting program execution flow and leading to unpredictable behavior. The attack vector aligns with ATT&CK technique T1210, which involves exploitation of remote services through buffer overflow vulnerabilities, and T1499, focusing on network denial of service attacks. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple system crashes, as the router's stability and network connectivity can be severely compromised, affecting all connected devices and potentially creating extended outages for users. The specific function name and file path suggest this vulnerability exists within the router's wireless configuration management subsystem, indicating that attackers could potentially manipulate wireless settings while simultaneously causing service disruption.
The operational consequences of this vulnerability present significant risks to network availability and security posture. A successful exploitation can result in sustained denial of service conditions that may require manual intervention to restore normal operations, including router reboots or firmware reinstallation. Network administrators face the challenge of identifying and mitigating this vulnerability without disrupting legitimate network operations, as the attack can be executed remotely without authentication requirements. The impact assessment reveals that this vulnerability could affect organizations relying on Netis WF2880 routers for network infrastructure, potentially compromising business continuity and creating security gaps in network defenses. The vulnerability's location within the web interface component makes it particularly concerning as it allows for remote exploitation from any location with network access to the device. This characteristic aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190, which involves exploitation of remote services through web-based attacks, and highlights the need for immediate remediation efforts. The vulnerability also demonstrates poor input validation practices and inadequate memory management, suggesting broader security weaknesses within the firmware development lifecycle.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-50610 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Netis, as this represents the most effective solution to address the underlying buffer overflow condition. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of affected devices to untrusted networks, reducing the attack surface for potential exploitation attempts. The implementation of intrusion detection systems can help identify suspicious HTTP requests targeting the cgitest.cgi interface, providing early warning capabilities for attempted exploitation. Device monitoring should include regular checks for unauthorized configuration changes, particularly related to wireless settings that could indicate successful exploitation attempts. Network administrators should also consider disabling unnecessary web management interfaces when possible, reducing the attack surface for this and similar vulnerabilities. The vulnerability underscores the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded systems, particularly in network infrastructure devices where reliability and security are critical requirements. Organizations should establish robust patch management procedures to ensure timely application of vendor security updates and maintain inventory records of all network devices to identify potentially affected systems. Regular security assessments of network infrastructure components can help identify similar vulnerabilities and prevent exploitation attempts against other devices in the network environment.