CVE-2025-52040 in ERPNext
Summary
by MITRE • 10/01/2025
In Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5, the function get_blanket_orders() at erpnext/controllers/queries.py is vulnerable to SQL Injection, which allows an attacker can extract all information from databases by injecting a SQL query into the blanket_order_type parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/01/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2025-52040 resides within Frappe ERPNext version 15.57.5, specifically in the get_blanket_orders() function located at erpnext/controllers/queries.py. This represents a critical security flaw that exposes the system to unauthorized data access through SQL injection techniques. The vulnerability manifests when the blanket_order_type parameter is processed without proper input sanitization or parameterization, creating an attack surface where malicious actors can manipulate database queries through crafted inputs.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of user-supplied data within the database query construction process. When the get_blanket_orders() function processes the blanket_order_type parameter, it directly incorporates this input into SQL statements without adequate validation or escaping mechanisms. This flaw aligns with CWE-89, which categorizes SQL injection vulnerabilities as weaknesses in software that allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database. The absence of proper input validation creates a pathway for attackers to inject malicious SQL payloads that can bypass authentication mechanisms and extract sensitive information from the underlying database.
Operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it provides attackers with comprehensive access to the entire database schema and content. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can retrieve all records, user credentials, financial data, customer information, and system configurations stored within the ERPNext database. The attack vector is particularly concerning because it requires minimal privileges to execute successfully, potentially allowing unauthorized users to escalate their access and compromise the entire system. This vulnerability affects organizations relying on ERPNext for business-critical operations, potentially leading to financial losses, regulatory compliance violations, and reputational damage.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-52040 should prioritize immediate implementation of parameterized queries and input validation mechanisms within the get_blanket_orders() function. Organizations must ensure that all user-supplied parameters are properly sanitized and validated before database processing occurs, implementing strict whitelisting approaches for acceptable input values. The recommended approach aligns with ATT&CK technique T1071.004, which involves the use of application-specific protocols for data exfiltration, emphasizing the need for robust input filtering. Security teams should also implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns and establish proper access controls limiting database interaction privileges. Additionally, organizations should conduct comprehensive code reviews to identify similar patterns throughout the codebase and apply automated security scanning tools to prevent future occurrences of this vulnerability class.