CVE-2025-52049 in ErpNext
Summary
by MITRE • 09/30/2025
In Frappe ErpNext v15.57.5, the function get_timesheet_detail_rate() at erpnext/projects/doctype/timesheet/timesheet.py is vulnerable to SQL Injection, which allows an attacker to extract all information from databases by injecting SQL query into the timelog parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/30/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-52049 affects Frappe ErpNext version 15.57.5 and represents a critical SQL injection flaw within the timesheet module. This vulnerability exists in the get_timesheet_detail_rate() function located in the file erpnext/projects/doctype/timesheet/timesheet.py. The flaw arises from inadequate input validation and sanitization when processing the timelog parameter, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the underlying database system. The vulnerability specifically targets the timesheet functionality where users can log time entries and track project progress, making it particularly dangerous as it could be exploited during routine operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper parameter handling within the get_timesheet_detail_rate() function. When the timelog parameter is processed, the application fails to properly sanitize or escape user input before incorporating it into SQL query construction. This allows attackers to inject malicious SQL fragments that can manipulate the database query execution flow. The vulnerability is classified as a classic SQL injection attack pattern that aligns with CWE-89, which defines SQL injection as the insertion of malicious SQL code into input fields for execution by the database. Attackers can leverage this weakness to extract sensitive data including user credentials, financial records, project information, and other confidential database content through carefully crafted malicious input.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted across enterprise environments using Frappe ErpNext. An attacker with access to the timesheet functionality could potentially gain unauthorized access to complete database contents, including personal information, financial data, and proprietary business intelligence. The vulnerability affects database integrity and confidentiality, potentially leading to data breaches, compliance violations, and significant financial losses. Given that timesheet functionality is commonly used across organizations for tracking employee work hours, project costs, and billing information, the exploitation could result in unauthorized access to sensitive business operations data. The vulnerability also aligns with ATT&CK technique T1071.004 for application layer protocol manipulation and T1046 for network service scanning, as attackers may use this vulnerability to enumerate database structures and extract information systematically.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-52049 should prioritize immediate patch application from the Frappe ErpNext development team, as this represents a critical security flaw requiring urgent attention. Organizations should implement input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks, ensuring that all user inputs are properly sanitized before database processing. The recommended approach includes adopting prepared statements or parameterized queries for all database interactions, which effectively neutralizes SQL injection risks by separating SQL code from data. Additionally, implementing proper access controls and monitoring mechanisms can help detect unauthorized database access attempts. Organizations should also consider database activity monitoring and intrusion detection systems to identify potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability highlights the importance of following secure coding practices and adhering to OWASP Top Ten security guidelines, particularly focusing on input validation and output encoding. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, while network segmentation and least privilege access models should be implemented to limit potential damage from successful exploitation attempts.