CVE-2025-52647 in BigFix WebUI
Summary
by MITRE • 10/11/2025
The BigFix WebUI application responds with HOST information from the HTTP header field making it vulnerable to Host Header Poisoning Attacks.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/12/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-52647 affects the BigFix WebUI application and represents a critical host header poisoning weakness that stems from improper handling of HTTP header information. This flaw allows attackers to manipulate the HOST header field in HTTP requests, potentially enabling them to redirect application behavior or manipulate authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability directly impacts the application's ability to properly validate and process incoming requests, creating an attack surface that can be exploited for various malicious purposes including session hijacking, cross-site request forgery, and authentication bypass.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs when the BigFix WebUI application processes the HOST header field without adequate validation or sanitization, allowing malicious actors to inject arbitrary host information into HTTP requests. This misconfiguration enables attackers to manipulate the application's internal routing logic and potentially influence how the application constructs URLs, handles redirects, or validates user sessions. The flaw operates at the application layer where HTTP headers are processed, making it particularly dangerous as it can affect multiple application functions that rely on proper host validation. According to CWE-601, this vulnerability maps directly to the weakness of URL redirection to untrusted domains, which is a common vector for host header poisoning attacks.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as it can enable attackers to perform sophisticated attacks against the application and its users. An attacker could leverage this weakness to construct malicious redirects that appear legitimate to users, potentially leading to phishing attacks or credential theft. The vulnerability also poses risks to session management systems where the application might rely on the HOST header for session validation or secure cookie setting. This could result in session fixation attacks or enable attackers to manipulate session identifiers, particularly when the application uses the host information to determine secure cookie domains. The attack surface is further expanded when considering that many web applications use the HOST header for authentication decisions or access control validation, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous for enterprise environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-52647 should focus on implementing strict input validation and sanitization of HTTP headers, particularly the HOST field. Organizations should configure their web applications to reject or normalize host header values that do not match expected patterns or domains. Implementing proper header validation mechanisms that enforce strict matching between the requested host and the application's configured domains can prevent attackers from injecting malicious host information. Network-level controls such as reverse proxies or load balancers should be configured to strip or validate host headers before they reach the application server. Additionally, implementing proper secure cookie attributes including the Domain and Secure flags, along with setting appropriate HttpOnly flags, can help mitigate potential session-related attacks. According to ATT&CK framework technique T1566, this vulnerability aligns with the initial access phase where attackers establish footholds through header manipulation, while the subsequent privilege escalation and persistence phases can be mitigated through proper input validation and secure coding practices. Organizations should also implement monitoring and logging mechanisms that detect anomalous host header values to provide early warning of potential exploitation attempts.