CVE-2025-52896 in Frappe
Summary
by MITRE • 06/30/2025
Frappe is a full-stack web application framework. Prior to versions 14.94.2 and 15.57.0, authenticated users could upload carefully crafted malicious files via Data Import, leading to cross-site scripting (XSS). This issue has been patched in versions 14.94.2 and 15.57.0. There are no workarounds for this issue other than upgrading.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/01/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-52896 affects the Frappe web application framework, a full-stack development platform widely used for building business applications. This security flaw represents a critical cross-site scripting vulnerability that specifically targets authenticated users within the Data Import functionality of the platform. The vulnerability exists in versions prior to 14.94.2 and 15.57.0, indicating a significant window of exposure for organizations utilizing affected Frappe installations. The issue stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the file upload process, particularly when handling data import operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to exploit a weakness in the file upload validation system by crafting malicious files that contain XSS payloads. When these carefully constructed files are processed through the Data Import feature, the framework fails to properly sanitize the content, enabling the execution of malicious scripts in the context of other users' browsers. This particular flaw falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting vulnerabilities, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1566.001 for initial access through malicious files. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it requires only authentication to exploit, meaning that any user with valid credentials can potentially leverage this weakness to compromise other users within the same application environment.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of authenticated users, and potentially escalate privileges within the application. Organizations using Frappe frameworks may experience unauthorized access to sensitive data, manipulation of business processes, and potential data exfiltration. The attack vector specifically targets the Data Import functionality, which is commonly used for bulk data operations, making this vulnerability particularly concerning for enterprises that regularly process large datasets. The lack of viable workarounds other than upgrading means that organizations must prioritize immediate remediation to protect their systems from exploitation.
The remediation approach for CVE-2025-52896 requires immediate deployment of the patched versions 14.94.2 and 15.57.0, as no alternative mitigations exist for this specific vulnerability. Organizations should conduct thorough testing of their Frappe installations to identify all affected versions and implement the patches across all environments. Security teams should also review access controls and monitor for any suspicious file upload activities that might indicate attempted exploitation. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of maintaining up-to-date software components and implementing robust input validation mechanisms, particularly in web applications that handle user-provided data through import functionalities. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be integrated into the deployment pipeline to prevent similar issues from occurring in the future, ensuring that the security posture remains strong against evolving threats in the web application landscape.