CVE-2025-53760 in SharePoint
Summary
by MITRE • 08/12/2025
Server-side request forgery (ssrf) in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/16/2025
Microsoft Office SharePoint contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability that enables authenticated attackers to manipulate server requests and potentially escalate their privileges within the network environment. This vulnerability resides in the server-side processing mechanisms of SharePoint and specifically affects the way the system handles external resource requests. The flaw allows an attacker who has already established an authenticated session to craft malicious requests that can bypass normal access controls and reach internal network resources that would typically be restricted.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of external URLs and resource identifiers within SharePoint's request processing pipeline. When SharePoint processes certain user inputs that are intended to reference external resources, the system fails to properly sanitize or validate these inputs before forwarding requests to backend services. This creates an opportunity for attackers to manipulate the target of these requests to point to internal network services, effectively enabling them to perform reconnaissance and potentially access sensitive internal resources that should remain isolated from external access. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be exploited through various SharePoint interfaces including document libraries, web parts, and collaborative features that handle external references.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data access, as it provides attackers with a pathway for privilege escalation and lateral movement within the network. Once an attacker successfully exploits the SSRF vulnerability, they can potentially access internal services, databases, or other network resources that are not directly exposed to the internet. This capability allows for extended reconnaissance activities, credential harvesting, and further exploitation of other network components. The vulnerability can be particularly dangerous in environments where SharePoint serves as a central collaboration platform, as it may provide attackers with access to sensitive corporate data, internal applications, and infrastructure components that are typically protected by network segmentation. The attack surface is amplified when SharePoint is integrated with other enterprise systems that may have less stringent access controls.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including strict input validation and sanitization of all external resource references within SharePoint, particularly in areas where users can provide URLs or resource identifiers. Network segmentation and firewall rules should be reviewed to limit access to internal services from SharePoint servers, while implementing web application firewalls to monitor and filter suspicious requests. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery and maps to ATT&CK techniques including T1071.004 Application Layer Protocol and T1566.001 Phishing. Regular security updates and patches from Microsoft should be deployed immediately upon availability, while network monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous request patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, privileged access controls should be reviewed and enforced to minimize the potential impact if the vulnerability is successfully exploited, implementing the principle of least privilege across all SharePoint components and associated services.