CVE-2025-53797 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE • 09/09/2025
Buffer over-read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/03/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-53797 represents a critical buffer over-read condition within the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service component that enables unauthorized network-based attackers to extract sensitive information from affected systems. This flaw exists within the RRAS functionality responsible for managing network routing and remote access capabilities in Microsoft Windows environments, making it particularly concerning for enterprise networks that rely on these services for connectivity and remote access management. The vulnerability manifests when the RRAS service processes specific network requests that trigger improper memory handling, leading to unintended data disclosure through buffer over-read conditions.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate bounds checking within the RRAS service code when processing incoming network traffic. Attackers can exploit this weakness by sending specially crafted network packets that cause the service to read beyond allocated memory buffers, potentially exposing sensitive data including system memory contents, configuration information, or credentials stored in adjacent memory locations. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-125 category of Out-of-bounds Read, which is classified as a fundamental memory safety issue that can lead to information disclosure, privilege escalation, or further exploitation opportunities. The attack vector is network-based, requiring no local system access or authentication, making it particularly dangerous for systems exposed to untrusted networks or internet-facing services.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-53797 extends beyond simple information disclosure, as the leaked memory contents could contain sensitive configuration parameters, user credentials, or system artifacts that could be leveraged for additional attacks. Organizations running Windows systems with RRAS enabled are at risk of having their network infrastructure compromised, potentially allowing attackers to gain insights into network topology, routing configurations, or authentication mechanisms. This vulnerability particularly affects enterprise environments where RRAS is used for remote access solutions, VPN services, or network routing functions, creating potential attack paths for adversaries seeking to escalate privileges or conduct reconnaissance activities. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1083 (File and Directory Discovery) and T1566 (Phishing for Information) as attackers could use the disclosed information to craft more sophisticated attacks or identify additional targets within the compromised network.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-53797 should include immediate deployment of Microsoft security patches and updates as they become available, along with network segmentation and firewall rules that restrict access to RRAS services. Organizations should disable RRAS functionality if not required for business operations, implement network monitoring to detect anomalous traffic patterns, and conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify systems running affected RRAS components. The use of intrusion detection systems and network traffic analysis tools can help identify exploitation attempts, while regular security audits should verify that RRAS services are properly configured and that unnecessary remote access capabilities have been disabled. Additionally, implementing network access controls and privilege separation can limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts, ensuring that even if an attacker gains access to information through this vulnerability, they cannot easily escalate privileges or move laterally within the network infrastructure.