CVE-2025-54259 in Substance3D Modeler
Summary
by MITRE • 09/10/2025
Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.2 and earlier are affected by an Integer Overflow or Wraparound vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file. Scope is unchanged.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/11/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-54259 affects Substance3D Modeler versions 1.22.2 and earlier, presenting a critical integer overflow or wraparound flaw that could enable arbitrary code execution when exploited. This vulnerability resides within the file parsing functionality of the software, specifically when processing maliciously crafted files that trigger integer arithmetic errors during memory allocation or buffer handling operations. The flaw stems from inadequate input validation and bounds checking mechanisms that fail to properly handle large or negative integer values that exceed the maximum representable range for the affected data types.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user interaction premise where a victim must open a specially crafted malicious file within the affected software environment. This makes the vulnerability susceptible to social engineering attacks or targeted payload delivery through compromised file systems or network shares. The integer overflow occurs during file processing operations where integer values are used to calculate buffer sizes or memory allocation parameters, allowing attackers to manipulate these values to cause wraparound behavior that results in memory corruption. This type of vulnerability is classified under CWE-190 as Integer Overflow or Wraparound, which represents a common class of memory safety issues that can lead to exploitable conditions.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with the ability to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the currently logged-in user. This means that if a user with administrative rights opens the malicious file, the attacker could potentially gain elevated privileges within the system. The attack surface is limited to users who have the affected software installed and are susceptible to opening malicious files, but given the widespread use of Substance3D Modeler in creative workflows and 3D content creation, the potential exposure remains significant. The vulnerability does not require network connectivity for exploitation, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users frequently handle files from external sources or collaborate on shared projects.
Security mitigations for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate patching of affected versions to the latest available releases that contain fixed implementations of proper integer bounds checking and input validation. Organizations should implement strict file access controls and user education programs to prevent accidental opening of suspicious files, particularly those obtained from untrusted sources or received through email attachments. Network-based defenses should include monitoring for unusual file access patterns and implementing application whitelisting policies that restrict execution of unauthorized software versions. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203 as "Exploitation for Client Execution," where attackers leverage application flaws to execute malicious code through user interaction, emphasizing the importance of both software updates and user awareness training to prevent successful exploitation attempts.