CVE-2025-55006 in LMS
Summary
by MITRE • 08/09/2025
Frappe Learning is a learning system that helps users structure their content. In versions 2.33.0 and below, the image upload functionality did not adequately sanitize uploaded SVG files. This allowed users to upload SVG files containing embedded JavaScript or other potentially malicious content. Malicious SVG files could be used to execute arbitrary scripts in the context of other users. A fix for this issue is planned for version 2.34.0.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/07/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-55006 affects Frappe Learning, a learning management system designed to help users organize educational content. This security flaw resides within the system's image upload functionality, specifically in how it processes Scalable Vector Graphics files. The issue impacts all versions through 2.33.0, representing a significant security risk for organizations relying on this platform for educational content management. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly inspect uploaded SVG files for potentially malicious embedded content.
The technical flaw manifests when the system accepts SVG files without sufficient sanitization measures to detect and neutralize embedded JavaScript code or other malicious elements within the vector graphics format. SVG files are inherently powerful as they support scripting capabilities through embedded javascript tags, which can execute when the file is rendered in web browsers. This vulnerability allows attackers to upload specially crafted SVG files that contain malicious scripts, which then execute in the context of other users who view these images. The flaw represents a classic server-side insecure file upload vulnerability that can lead to cross-site scripting attacks and potentially more severe consequences depending on the system's security configuration.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it creates a persistent threat vector that can affect all users within the Frappe Learning environment. When malicious SVG files are uploaded and subsequently viewed by other users, the embedded JavaScript code can perform actions such as stealing session cookies, redirecting users to malicious sites, or even executing commands on the victim's browser. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-434, which describes insecure upload of executable files, and represents a critical risk in web applications where users can upload content that other users will subsequently view. The attack surface is particularly concerning in educational environments where users may trust content from peers or instructors, making social engineering aspects of this vulnerability more potent.
Organizations utilizing Frappe Learning must implement immediate mitigations while awaiting the official fix in version 2.34.0. The recommended approach includes implementing robust SVG sanitization libraries that can strip all potentially dangerous elements from uploaded files, including embedded scripts, event handlers, and external references. Security measures should also include strict file type validation, content inspection using dedicated SVG parsers, and implementing a whitelist approach for acceptable SVG elements. The mitigation strategy should align with ATT&CK framework technique T1566, which covers spearphishing via social media, as attackers may use this vulnerability to compromise user sessions and establish persistent access to educational platforms. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls with specific rules for SVG content inspection and establishing monitoring procedures to detect anomalous file upload activities that could indicate exploitation attempts.