CVE-2025-5572 in DCS-932L
Summary
by MITRE • 06/04/2025
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-932L 2.18.01. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setSystemEmail of the file /setSystemEmail. The manipulation of the argument EmailSMTPPortNumber leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/06/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5572 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow in D-Link DCS-932L security cameras running firmware version 2.18.01. This flaw resides within the setSystemEmail function located in the /setSystemEmail file, making it accessible through remote exploitation. The specific technical weakness occurs when manipulating the EmailSMTPPortNumber argument, which allows attackers to exceed the allocated buffer space and overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-121, which categorizes stack-based buffer overflow conditions that can lead to arbitrary code execution or system crashes. The remote exploitability of this vulnerability means that attackers do not require physical access to the device, significantly expanding the attack surface and potential impact.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple system compromise, as it affects networked security cameras that are often deployed in sensitive environments such as industrial facilities, commercial buildings, and residential properties. When exploited, the buffer overflow could enable attackers to execute malicious code with the privileges of the affected service, potentially leading to complete system takeover, data exfiltration, or use of the device as a pivot point for further network attacks. The fact that this vulnerability has been publicly disclosed and is known to be exploitable increases the risk profile significantly, as it removes the element of surprise that typically protects systems from zero-day attacks. The attack vector through the EmailSMTPPortNumber parameter suggests that the vulnerability may be triggered through email configuration settings, potentially allowing attackers to compromise devices during routine administrative tasks.
Given that this vulnerability affects a product that is no longer supported by the maintainer, the security implications are particularly concerning for organizations that have deployed these devices. The lack of official patches or updates means that affected systems remain permanently vulnerable to exploitation, creating a persistent risk that cannot be mitigated through standard security maintenance procedures. This situation aligns with ATT&CK technique T1210, which involves exploitation of remote services, and T1071.004, which covers application layer protocol usage for command and control communications. Organizations should consider implementing network segmentation to isolate affected devices, monitoring for suspicious network traffic patterns related to email configuration changes, and potentially replacing these devices with supported alternatives. The vulnerability's classification as critical according to CVSS scoring systems indicates that immediate action is required to protect against potential exploitation, particularly given the public availability of exploit code that could enable widespread compromise of these devices across multiple environments.