CVE-2025-55893 in N200RE
Summary
by MITRE • 12/15/2025
TOTOLINK N200RE V9.3.5u.6437_B20230519 is vulnerable to command Injection in setOpModeCfg via hostName.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/15/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-55893 affects the TOTOLINK N200RE router model running firmware version V9.3.5u.6437_B20230519 and represents a critical command injection flaw within the device management interface. This vulnerability specifically manifests in the setOpModeCfg function where the hostName parameter is processed without adequate input validation or sanitization, creating an avenue for malicious actors to execute arbitrary commands on the affected device. The flaw resides in the router's web administration interface where user-supplied data is directly incorporated into system commands without proper escaping or filtering mechanisms, enabling attackers to inject malicious command sequences that the system will subsequently execute with elevated privileges.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of the hostName field within the setOpModeCfg API endpoint or web form submission. When an attacker submits a specially crafted hostName value containing command injection payloads, the router's underlying operating system processes these inputs directly without proper sanitization, allowing execution of arbitrary shell commands. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-77 which specifically addresses command injection flaws in software systems where untrusted data is incorporated into command execution contexts. The attack vector typically involves HTTP requests targeting the router's management interface, where the vulnerable parameter is passed through POST or GET requests to the affected configuration endpoint.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted, as it provides attackers with complete control over the affected router. Successful exploitation enables unauthorized users to execute arbitrary code with root privileges, potentially leading to full system compromise including persistent backdoor installation, network traffic interception, DNS hijacking, or redirection of internet traffic through malicious proxies. The vulnerability affects the router's core network functionality and can be leveraged to establish persistent access points within the network infrastructure, making it particularly dangerous for both home and enterprise environments. Network administrators may lose visibility into their network traffic and device management capabilities, while legitimate users face potential data exfiltration and service disruption.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate firmware updates from TOTOLINK to address the command injection flaw, as well as network segmentation and access control measures to limit exposure. The affected devices should be isolated from untrusted networks and managed through secure administrative interfaces with strong authentication mechanisms. Network monitoring solutions should be deployed to detect anomalous command execution patterns or unusual network traffic that may indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, implementing proper input validation and output encoding practices in web applications, following secure coding guidelines such as those recommended in the OWASP Top Ten, would prevent similar vulnerabilities from occurring in future implementations. Organizations should also consider network access controls and firewall rules to restrict access to administrative interfaces to trusted IP addresses only, while maintaining comprehensive logging and audit trails to detect potential exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation and secure coding practices in embedded network devices, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and script injection within network infrastructure devices.