CVE-2025-5595 in FTP Server
Summary
by MITRE • 06/04/2025
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component PROGRESS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/25/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5595 represents a critical buffer overflow flaw within the FreeFloat FTP Server version 1.0, specifically within the PROGRESS Command Handler component. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-121, which describes buffer overflow conditions where insufficient space checking allows for the overwriting of adjacent memory locations. The PROGRESS Command Handler appears to process user-supplied data without adequate bounds checking, creating an exploitable condition that can be leveraged by remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause system instability.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the manipulation of the PROGRESS Command Handler component, which likely processes commands related to file transfer progress reporting. When malicious input is sent to this handler, the insufficient buffer validation allows attackers to overflow the allocated memory space, potentially overwriting critical program variables, return addresses, or other memory segments. This buffer overflow condition creates a pathway for remote code execution, as attackers can manipulate the program flow to redirect execution to malicious payload code. The remote attack vector indicates that no local system access is required for exploitation, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous in networked environments where FTP servers are exposed to external traffic.
From an operational impact perspective, this critical vulnerability poses significant risks to organizations utilizing FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 in production environments. The combination of remote exploitability and the potential for arbitrary code execution means that attackers can gain full control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches, system compromise, and lateral movement within network infrastructure. The public disclosure of exploit details further amplifies the threat landscape, as malicious actors can immediately leverage this vulnerability without requiring advanced technical knowledge or development time. Organizations running this specific FTP server version face immediate risk of compromise, particularly those with exposed FTP services that have not implemented additional network segmentation or access controls.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-5595 should prioritize immediate patching of affected FreeFloat FTP Server installations, as this represents the most effective defense against the buffer overflow exploit. Organizations should also implement network-level controls including firewall rules that restrict access to FTP services to trusted IP addresses only, and consider disabling the PROGRESS command functionality if it is not essential for operations. Additionally, network monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous FTP traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190, which covers exploit public-facing application, and organizations should consider implementing the principle of least privilege for FTP services while ensuring that all systems are kept up to date with security patches according to established vulnerability management processes.