CVE-2025-5780 in Patient Record Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 06/06/2025
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Patient Record Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view_dental.php. The manipulation of the argument itr_no leads to sql injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/11/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5780 represents a critical sql injection flaw within the code-projects Patient Record Management System version 1.0. This system is designed for healthcare record management and contains sensitive patient data that makes such vulnerabilities particularly dangerous. The vulnerability specifically affects the /view_dental.php file which appears to handle dental record viewing functionality. Security researchers have identified that the application fails to properly validate or sanitize user input when processing the itr_no parameter, creating an avenue for malicious actors to execute unauthorized database operations.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation practices within the application's codebase, specifically in how the itr_no parameter is processed. This parameter likely serves as an identifier for patient records or dental treatment numbers, and when improperly handled, allows attackers to inject malicious sql commands directly into the database query execution chain. The vulnerability's classification as critical indicates that it provides attackers with significant access capabilities, potentially enabling full database compromise, data exfiltration, or even system persistence mechanisms. The fact that this vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring local access makes it particularly concerning for healthcare organizations that may have limited network segmentation.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-5780 extends beyond simple data theft, as patient medical records contain highly sensitive information that falls under regulatory compliance requirements such as hipaa and gdpr. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could potentially access complete patient histories, treatment records, and personal health information, leading to identity theft, insurance fraud, or blackmail opportunities. The disclosure of exploitation methods to the public community significantly increases the risk profile, as malicious actors can immediately implement attacks without requiring advanced technical skills or reconnaissance. Organizations using this system face potential regulatory penalties, legal liability, and reputational damage should their systems be compromised through this vulnerability.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including input parameter validation, prepared statement usage, and comprehensive output encoding to prevent sql injection attacks. The application should be updated to sanitize all user inputs, particularly the itr_no parameter, through proper parameterized queries or input sanitization functions. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls should be deployed to detect and block malicious sql injection attempts. Additionally, organizations must conduct thorough vulnerability assessments of all database interactions within the application to identify similar issues. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-89 sql injection weakness and maps to ATT&CK technique T1190 for exploitation of remote services, highlighting the need for comprehensive security controls including network segmentation, access controls, and regular security audits to prevent unauthorized database access and maintain patient data confidentiality.