CVE-2025-59282 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE • 10/14/2025
Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Inbox COM Objects allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/27/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical race condition flaw within the Inbox COM Objects component of Microsoft Windows operating systems. The vulnerability stems from improper synchronization mechanisms when multiple threads or processes attempt to access shared resources concurrently, creating opportunities for malicious exploitation. The flaw specifically affects the Inbox COM Objects functionality which handles email processing and message handling within the Windows environment, making it a significant target for local privilege escalation attacks. The race condition occurs when the system fails to properly coordinate access to shared memory locations or file handles during concurrent operations, allowing an attacker to manipulate the timing of execution to achieve unauthorized code execution. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-362 category of concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization, which is classified as a fundamental design flaw in multi-threaded applications. The attack vector requires local system access, meaning an unauthenticated attacker with user-level privileges can potentially leverage this weakness to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. The operational impact is severe as it can enable attackers to bypass standard security controls and gain unauthorized access to sensitive system resources. The vulnerability affects multiple versions of Windows including Windows 10, Windows 11, and various server editions, making it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where multiple users may have access to affected systems. The flaw can be exploited through carefully timed manipulation of concurrent processes that interact with the Inbox COM Objects, potentially allowing attackers to inject malicious code into system processes or modify critical system files. This type of vulnerability is particularly concerning because it operates at the kernel level where it can bypass traditional user-mode security controls and exploit the inherent trust relationships within the Windows operating system. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under privilege escalation techniques, specifically targeting the use of race conditions to gain elevated system privileges. Microsoft has classified this vulnerability as a high-severity issue requiring immediate attention, as it can be leveraged to establish persistent backdoors or deploy additional malware payloads. The exploitation process typically involves creating multiple simultaneous requests to the vulnerable COM objects while carefully timing the execution to trigger the race condition, allowing the attacker to manipulate shared resources in ways that were not intended by the original design. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including applying the latest security patches, monitoring for suspicious process activity, and implementing strict access controls to limit local system access. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper synchronization mechanisms in multi-threaded applications and highlights the need for comprehensive security testing of system components that handle concurrent operations. System administrators should also consider implementing additional security controls such as application whitelisting and enhanced monitoring of COM object usage to detect potential exploitation attempts. This vulnerability serves as a reminder of the ongoing challenges in securing complex operating system components where multiple threads and processes must interact safely while maintaining system integrity and security boundaries.