CVE-2025-5990 in Crafty Controller
Summary
by MITRE • 06/15/2025
An input neutralization vulnerability in the Server Name form and API Key form components of Crafty Controller allows a remote, authenticated attacker to perform stored XSS via malicious form input.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/12/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-5990 represents a critical input neutralization flaw within the Crafty Controller framework that specifically affects the Server Name and API Key form components. This weakness enables a remote attacker who has already established authentication credentials to inject malicious scripts into form fields that are subsequently stored within the application's database. The vulnerability stems from insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input during the processing of form submissions, creating a persistent cross-site scripting attack vector that can be exploited by adversaries with legitimate access privileges.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79, which defines cross-site scripting as a common flaw where untrusted data is embedded into web pages viewed by other users without proper validation or encoding. The Crafty Controller's form handling mechanism fails to adequately sanitize or escape special characters in the Server Name and API Key fields, allowing attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code that persists in the application's data storage. When other users view the affected forms or pages containing the stored malicious input, their browsers execute the embedded scripts within their security context, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or further compromise of the affected systems.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability creates a significant risk for organizations relying on Crafty Controller for their automation and orchestration needs. The requirement for prior authentication reduces the attack surface compared to fully public vulnerabilities, but it does not eliminate the threat since compromised accounts or credential theft can still lead to exploitation. The stored nature of the XSS means that the attack can persist long after the initial injection, potentially affecting multiple users over extended periods. This vulnerability particularly impacts environments where API keys and server configurations are managed through web interfaces, as these components often contain sensitive information that could be exfiltrated through successful XSS exploitation.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including comprehensive input validation and output encoding for all form fields within the Crafty Controller framework. The implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide additional protection against script execution, while regular security audits of form processing components should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities. According to ATT&CK framework category T1531, this vulnerability enables privilege escalation through persistent malicious code execution, while T1213 covers the potential for data extraction through compromised web interfaces. System administrators should also consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block suspicious input patterns, and conduct thorough penetration testing to validate the effectiveness of implemented controls. The vulnerability underscores the importance of defense-in-depth strategies where multiple layers of security controls work together to protect against both external and internal threats.