CVE-2025-61385 in pg8000
Summary
by MITRE • 10/27/2025
SQL injection vulnerability in tlocke pg8000 1.31.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a specially crafted Python list input to function pg8000.native.literal.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/28/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-61385 represents a critical sql injection flaw within the pg8000 python library version 1.31.4. This issue specifically affects the pg8000.native.literal function which processes user input and fails to properly sanitize or escape data before incorporating it into sql queries. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the library's native implementation, creating a pathway for malicious actors to inject arbitrary sql commands into database operations.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when a remote attacker crafts a specially formatted python list input that gets processed through the pg8000.native.literal function. This function is designed to convert python data types into sql literal values but does not adequately handle potentially malicious input that could contain sql injection payloads. When the vulnerable library processes such input, the unescaped data gets directly embedded into sql statements without proper sanitization, allowing attackers to manipulate database queries and potentially execute unauthorized commands. This flaw aligns with common weakness enumerations categorized as cwe-89 sql injection, which is a well-documented and frequently exploited vulnerability pattern in database applications. The attack surface is particularly concerning as it affects a widely used python database adapter that handles database connectivity for numerous applications.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft or manipulation to potentially enable complete database compromise. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to extract sensitive information from databases, modify or delete critical data, escalate privileges within database systems, or even gain access to underlying server resources. The vulnerability affects applications using the pg8000 library for postgresql database connections, which spans across various python applications including web frameworks, data processing systems, and backend services. This creates widespread risk as the library is commonly integrated into production environments where database security is paramount. The remote nature of the attack means that exploitation does not require local system access, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous for applications exposed to untrusted input from external sources.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-61385 should prioritize immediate library version updates to address the sql injection vulnerability. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and sanitization measures within their applications, ensuring that all data passed to database operations undergoes proper escaping or parameterization. The use of prepared statements and parameterized queries should be enforced throughout application code to prevent direct sql injection vectors. Additionally, implementing network level controls such as web application firewalls and database activity monitoring can provide additional layers of protection. Security teams should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify all applications using the affected pg8000 library version and ensure proper patching protocols are followed. Regular security testing including sql injection vulnerability scanning should be integrated into development and deployment pipelines to identify similar issues before they can be exploited. The remediation process should also include monitoring for any unauthorized database access or unusual query patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, as outlined in the attack technique catalog under mitre att&ck framework for database attacks and credential access phases.