CVE-2025-63409 in EPON 1GE
Summary
by MITRE • 02/24/2026
Privilege escalation and improper access control in GCOM EPON 1GE C00R371V00B01 allows remote authenticated users to modify administrator only settings and extract administrator credentials.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/28/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-63409 represents a critical security flaw within the GCOM EPON 1GE C00R371V00B01 network equipment firmware that enables remote authenticated users to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. This issue manifests as a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows attackers who have already established authentication credentials to gain administrative access to the system. The flaw specifically affects the access control mechanisms implemented within the device's management interface, where proper authorization checks are insufficient to prevent authenticated users from modifying settings that should be restricted to administrators only. The vulnerability resides in the firmware's handling of user permissions and administrative privileges, creating a pathway for malicious actors to elevate their access level beyond their intended role within the network infrastructure.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and access control enforcement within the device's web management interface. When authenticated users attempt to access administrative functions or modify system settings, the firmware fails to properly verify whether the requesting user possesses the necessary administrative privileges. This weakness creates a direct path for privilege escalation where standard users can manipulate the system to gain administrative capabilities. The improper access control implementation allows attackers to bypass the normal authentication and authorization checks that should prevent non-administrative users from accessing privileged functions. This flaw is particularly concerning as it operates at the application layer where user sessions are managed and administrative functions are exposed through the web interface.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-63409 extends beyond simple privilege escalation to encompass potential credential theft and complete system compromise. Once an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability, they can extract administrator credentials stored within the device's memory or configuration files, effectively gaining full control over the network equipment. This access enables the attacker to modify network configurations, implement malicious changes to traffic routing, disable security features, and potentially establish backdoors within the network infrastructure. The remote nature of this vulnerability means that attackers do not require physical access to the device, allowing them to exploit the flaw from anywhere on the network. This capability significantly increases the attack surface and potential damage scope, as the attacker can operate undetected while maintaining administrative control over the affected equipment.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both immediate remediation and long-term security hardening measures. The primary recommendation involves applying the latest firmware updates provided by GCOM to patch the access control implementation and strengthen privilege enforcement mechanisms. Organizations should also implement network segmentation to limit access to administrative interfaces and restrict the number of users with administrative privileges. Additional protective measures include enabling multi-factor authentication for administrative access, implementing strict network access controls using firewalls and access control lists, and regularly auditing administrative activities and user access logs. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual administrative activities that may indicate exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 which describes improper access control, and represents a significant concern from an attacker perspective as outlined in the MITRE ATT&CK framework where it would be categorized under privilege escalation techniques. Organizations should also consider implementing network intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts and establish incident response procedures specifically addressing administrative privilege compromise scenarios.