CVE-2025-64270 in Masteriyo Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 12/18/2025
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in masteriyo Masteriyo - LMS learning-management-system allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects Masteriyo - LMS: from n/a through <= 2.0.3.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/18/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-64270 represents a critical exposure of sensitive system information within the Masteriyo Learning Management System version 2.0.3 and earlier. This issue falls under the category of information disclosure vulnerabilities, specifically allowing unauthorized entities to retrieve embedded sensitive data from the system. The flaw exists in the masteriyo LMS platform, which is designed for educational content delivery and student management, making it a significant concern for organizations relying on this software for their learning infrastructure. The vulnerability creates an unauthorized control sphere where sensitive system information can be accessed without proper authentication or authorization mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate access controls and insufficient data sanitization within the Masteriyo LMS application. When the system processes requests or generates responses, it fails to properly validate user permissions or filter sensitive information before exposing it to external parties. This allows attackers to craft specific requests that bypass normal access controls and retrieve system-level data that should remain restricted. The flaw likely manifests through API endpoints, administrative interfaces, or data export functions where the application does not adequately verify the identity or privileges of requesting entities. This type of vulnerability typically aligns with CWE-200 - Information Exposure and may also relate to CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery when the information disclosure occurs through web-based interfaces.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data exposure, as the retrieved sensitive information could include user credentials, system configurations, database structures, or proprietary educational content. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could gain insights into the system architecture, identify potential attack vectors, and potentially escalate their privileges within the LMS environment. The exposure of embedded sensitive data creates opportunities for further exploitation, including account takeover attempts, data manipulation, or the development of more sophisticated attack strategies. Organizations using Masteriyo LMS versions prior to 2.0.4 face significant risks, as this vulnerability could be leveraged to compromise the integrity and confidentiality of their educational data management systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-64270 should prioritize immediate patching of the Masteriyo LMS to version 2.0.4 or later, which contains the necessary security fixes. Organizations should implement network segmentation to limit access to the LMS application and establish robust monitoring for unusual data access patterns. Security teams should conduct comprehensive access control reviews and ensure that all API endpoints properly validate user authentication and authorization before returning any sensitive information. The implementation of proper input validation, output encoding, and secure coding practices can help prevent similar vulnerabilities from occurring in the future. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation attempts targeting this specific vulnerability, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1566 - Phishing for Information to prevent unauthorized data access through social engineering or automated exploitation methods.