CVE-2025-65037 in Azure Container Apps
Summary
by MITRE • 12/19/2025
Improper control of generation of code ('code injection') in Azure Container Apps allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/15/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-65037 represents a critical code injection flaw within Azure Container Apps, a cloud-based platform service designed for deploying and managing containerized applications at scale. This weakness falls under the broader category of improper control of code generation, which is classified as CWE-94 in the Common Weakness Enumeration catalog. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization mechanisms that allow malicious actors to inject arbitrary code into the container execution environment. The flaw specifically affects the way Azure Container Apps processes user-supplied data during application deployment and runtime operations, creating a pathway for unauthorized code execution that can be triggered over a network connection.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability exploits the platform's handling of configuration parameters and deployment manifests that are used to define container applications. Attackers can manipulate these inputs to inject malicious code sequences that will be executed within the container runtime environment, potentially compromising the entire container instance and underlying infrastructure. The network-based execution capability means that adversaries do not require physical access or direct system compromise to exploit this vulnerability. The attack vector typically involves crafting specially designed deployment configurations, environment variables, or application parameters that bypass existing security controls and are subsequently interpreted as executable code by the container runtime engine.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it can lead to complete system compromise and data breaches within cloud environments. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain unauthorized access to containerized applications, potentially accessing sensitive data, escalating privileges, or using the compromised container as a launch point for further attacks against the broader cloud infrastructure. The vulnerability affects organizations using Azure Container Apps for production workloads, particularly those with complex deployment pipelines that rely on automated configuration management. The risk is amplified in multi-tenant environments where container isolation may be compromised, potentially allowing lateral movement between different customer applications or services.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-65037 should focus on implementing robust input validation and sanitization mechanisms throughout the deployment pipeline, including strict parameter validation for all user-supplied data. Organizations should enforce principle of least privilege access controls and implement network segmentation to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation. The Azure security posture should include regular security assessments of container configurations and deployment manifests, with particular attention to environment variable handling and configuration injection points. Additionally, implementing runtime monitoring and anomaly detection systems can help identify suspicious code execution patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider adopting secure coding practices and conducting regular security training for development teams to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future application deployments. The vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK techniques including T1059 for command and scripting interpreter and T1566 for malicious file execution, emphasizing the need for comprehensive defensive measures across multiple security domains.