CVE-2025-6512 in BRAIN2
Summary
by MITRE • 06/23/2025
On a client with a non-admin user, a script can be integrated into a report. The reports could later be executed on the BRAIN2 server with administrator rights.
VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/23/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical privilege escalation flaw that exploits the trust relationship between client systems and the BRAIN2 server infrastructure. The security weakness stems from inadequate input validation and access control mechanisms within the report execution framework, allowing unprivileged users to inject malicious scripts that can later be executed with elevated administrative privileges. The vulnerability manifests when non-administrative users can manipulate report generation processes to include arbitrary code that executes with the privileges of the BRAIN2 server's administrative account. This creates a persistent backdoor scenario where attackers can maintain access and execute commands with full system privileges.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a combination of insecure input handling and privilege separation failures within the reporting subsystem. When users generate reports, the system fails to properly sanitize or validate the content being processed, enabling script injection attacks. The BRAIN2 server's execution environment does not properly isolate report processing from system-level operations, allowing the injected scripts to leverage the server's administrative context. This flaw falls under the CWE-94 category of Code Injection, specifically manifesting as a Server-Side Include (SSI) injection or script injection vulnerability where user-supplied data is executed without proper sanitization.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends far beyond simple privilege escalation, as it fundamentally compromises the integrity and confidentiality of the entire system. Once exploited, attackers can execute arbitrary commands, access sensitive data, modify system configurations, and potentially establish persistent access through the compromised report execution pipeline. The vulnerability enables lateral movement within the network and can facilitate further attacks against connected systems. This represents a significant risk to enterprise environments where the BRAIN2 server likely serves as a central processing node for critical business operations.
Mitigation strategies must address both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements to prevent similar vulnerabilities. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and sanitization measures within all report generation and processing components, ensuring that user-supplied content cannot contain executable code. The principle of least privilege must be strictly enforced through proper access controls and privilege separation mechanisms that prevent report execution from operating with administrative rights. Additionally, implementing secure coding practices and regular security testing can help identify and remediate similar injection vulnerabilities. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter and T1548.002 for Abuse of Group Policy Objects, highlighting the need for comprehensive defensive measures including network monitoring, privilege monitoring, and regular security assessments to prevent exploitation of such critical access control flaws.