CVE-2025-69765 in AX3
Summary
by MITRE • 03/03/2026
Tenda AX3 firmware v16.03.12.11 contains a stack overflow in formGetIptv function and the list parameter, which can cause memory corruption and enable remote code execution.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/04/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-69765 resides within the Tenda AX3 wireless router firmware version 16.03.12.11 where a stack overflow condition manifests in the formGetIptv function when processing the list parameter. This particular stack overflow represents a critical security flaw that stems from insufficient input validation and memory management practices within the affected device's firmware implementation. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-121 as a stack-based buffer overflow, which occurs when more data is written to a buffer located on the stack than the buffer can accommodate, leading to memory corruption that can be exploited by malicious actors.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to send a specially crafted request containing an excessively long list parameter to the formGetIptv function, which lacks proper bounds checking mechanisms. When the firmware processes this malformed input, the stack buffer overflow occurs, potentially overwriting adjacent memory locations including return addresses and function pointers. This memory corruption can be leveraged to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected service or process, typically resulting in full system compromise. The nature of this vulnerability places it within the ATT&CK framework under T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter and T1566.001 for spearphishing attachment, as exploitation often involves crafting malicious payloads delivered through network-based attacks.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-69765 extends beyond simple system compromise to encompass potential network-wide infiltration, as wireless routers serve as critical entry points for home and enterprise networks. An attacker who successfully exploits this vulnerability can gain persistent access to the network, potentially enabling them to monitor traffic, redirect connections, install malware, or use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the network perimeter. The remote code execution capability means that exploitation can occur without physical access to the device, making it particularly dangerous for both residential and commercial deployments where such routers are often left unpatched for extended periods.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should encompass immediate firmware updates from Tenda, if available, along with network segmentation and monitoring to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Network administrators should implement strict input validation at the network perimeter and consider disabling unnecessary services or web interfaces on the affected devices until proper patches are applied. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and thorough security testing, particularly for embedded systems and IoT devices where firmware updates may be infrequent or unavailable. Organizations should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems that can identify patterns consistent with buffer overflow exploitation attempts and maintain comprehensive network monitoring to detect unauthorized access attempts. Additionally, the vulnerability demonstrates the necessity of regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning of network infrastructure to identify similar flaws in other network devices that may be equally susceptible to exploitation.