CVE-2025-7079 in bluebell-plus
Summary
by MITRE • 07/06/2025
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in mao888 bluebell-plus up to 2.3.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file bluebell_backend/pkg/jwt/jwt.go of the component JWT Token Handler. The manipulation of the argument mySecret with the input bluebell-plus leads to use of hard-coded password. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2025
This vulnerability in mao888 bluebell-plus version 2.3.0 represents a critical security flaw within the JWT token handling mechanism that could enable unauthorized access to protected system resources. The issue resides in the bluebell_backend/pkg/jwt/jwt.go file where the JWT token handler processes authentication tokens. The vulnerability manifests when the system processes the argument mySecret with the input value bluebell-plus, resulting in the use of a hard-coded password that should never be exposed in production environments. This represents a fundamental security misconfiguration that undermines the entire authentication framework. The vulnerability has been classified as problematic due to its potential to allow attackers to forge valid JWT tokens and gain unauthorized access to sensitive system resources.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires remote access and involves manipulating the JWT token handler to utilize the hard-coded secret value bluebell-plus instead of a dynamically generated secure key. The attack complexity is rated as high, indicating that sophisticated techniques are required to successfully exploit this flaw, yet the public disclosure of the exploit means that determined attackers may be able to leverage this weakness. The hard-coded nature of the secret value creates a persistent security risk that remains viable across system restarts and does not require continuous exploitation efforts. This type of vulnerability aligns with CWE-312 (CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information) and CWE-310 (CWE-310: Cryptographic Issues) classifications, as it involves both cleartext storage of sensitive authentication data and improper cryptographic implementation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple authentication bypass, as successful exploitation could lead to full system compromise and data exfiltration. Attackers who successfully leverage this vulnerability could impersonate legitimate users, access restricted resources, and potentially escalate privileges within the system. The use of a hard-coded password in the JWT token handler creates a single point of failure that undermines the security model of the entire application. Organizations using this vulnerable software may face significant security risks including unauthorized data access, system manipulation, and potential regulatory compliance violations. The high attack complexity does not mitigate the risk, as the public availability of exploitation techniques means that the vulnerability could be exploited by threat actors with varying skill levels.
Mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate implementation of secure key management practices within the JWT token handler. The most critical remediation involves replacing the hard-coded secret value with a dynamically generated secure key that is properly managed through established key management systems. Organizations should implement proper secret management solutions such as HashiCorp Vault or AWS Secrets Manager to store and rotate authentication secrets. The system should be updated to use environment variables or secure configuration management for storing JWT secrets rather than hard-coding values. Additionally, implementing proper input validation and sanitization measures can help prevent manipulation of the mySecret argument. Security teams should also conduct comprehensive code reviews to identify and remediate similar hard-coded credentials throughout the application. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be performed to ensure that no other instances of hard-coded secrets exist within the system. The implementation of proper cryptographic key rotation policies and the enforcement of secure coding practices will significantly reduce the risk associated with this vulnerability and align with industry standards such as NIST SP 800-57 for cryptographic key management.