CVE-2025-71023 in AX3
Summary
by MITRE • 01/13/2026
Tenda AX-3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the mac2 parameter of the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/13/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-71023 affects the Tenda AX-3 v16.03.12.10_CN router firmware, representing a critical stack overflow condition within the network management interface. This flaw exists in the fromAdvSetMacMtuWan function where the mac2 parameter is processed without adequate bounds checking, creating an exploitable buffer overflow scenario. The vulnerability specifically manifests when the device processes incoming requests containing maliciously crafted mac2 values, allowing attackers to manipulate the device's memory structure through carefully constructed input parameters.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper input validation mechanisms within the firmware's web administration interface. When the router receives a request containing an oversized mac2 parameter value, the system fails to enforce proper buffer size limitations during the parameter processing phase. This lack of input sanitization creates a predictable stack corruption scenario where attacker-controlled data exceeds the allocated buffer space, leading to memory overwrite conditions that can result in arbitrary code execution or system instability. The vulnerability operates at the application layer within the router's embedded web server component, making it accessible through standard HTTP requests to the device's management interface.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial of service conditions, as it represents a potential pathway for more sophisticated attacks within network environments. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could cause persistent service disruption by repeatedly triggering the stack overflow condition, effectively rendering the router inoperable until manual intervention or firmware reflash occurs. The device's exposure to remote exploitation makes it particularly concerning for enterprise and residential networks where such devices often serve as primary gateway points. Network administrators may experience complete loss of connectivity to the affected device, requiring physical access or remote management tools to restore functionality, while also potentially exposing the broader network to additional attack vectors through compromised gateway infrastructure.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2025-71023 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda, as the vendor has likely released patches addressing the buffer overflow condition. Network administrators should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of affected devices to untrusted networks, while also monitoring for anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, which is categorized under the broader ATT&CK framework as part of the Execution and Persistence tactics, particularly relevant for network infrastructure devices. Organizations should also consider implementing network-based intrusion detection systems to monitor for malformed requests targeting the specific vulnerable endpoint, and establish incident response procedures to address potential exploitation attempts. Additionally, device vendors should conduct comprehensive security assessments of their embedded systems to identify similar buffer overflow conditions in other firmware components, as this vulnerability represents a common weakness in embedded network device architectures.