CVE-2025-71456 in vtenext
Summary
by MITRE • 11/04/2026
vtenext before 25.02.2 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows authenticated low-privileged users to inject SQL by supplying a crafted fieldname parameter to modules/Fax/EditView.php. Attackers can read arbitrary database contents, including password reset tokens stored in vte_userauthtoken, to take over other user accounts.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/04/2026
The identified vulnerability represents a critical security flaw within the vtexxt application prior version 25.02.2, specifically located in the Fax module's EditView.php component. This weakness is classified as an SQL injection vulnerability, which stems from insufficient sanitization or validation of user-supplied input before it is incorporated into database queries. The specific point of exploitation involves the fieldname parameter, where an attacker can inject malicious SQL code by crafting a specially formatted request. Unlike many high-profile vulnerabilities that require administrative privileges to exploit, this flaw allows authenticated low-privileged users to execute arbitrary commands against the underlying database management system. This distinction is particularly dangerous because it lowers the barrier for entry significantly; any user with even minimal access rights to the Fax module can potentially compromise the integrity and confidentiality of the entire application's data store.
From a technical perspective, the root cause lies in how the application processes the fieldname parameter without properly escaping special characters or using prepared statements. When the server receives the crafted input, it is directly concatenated into an SQL query string that interacts with the database backend. This lack of proper encoding allows the injected code to alter the logic of the original query. For instance, an attacker might append a UNION SELECT statement to retrieve data from other tables or use boolean-based blind injection techniques to extract information character by character. The vulnerability is situated within modules/Fax/EditView.php, indicating that the Fax feature's editing interface serves as the attack vector. This specific code path likely handles form submissions where field names are dynamically processed, and the failure to validate these inputs against a whitelist of allowed fields or to parameterize the query creates an exploitable gap in security controls.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its potential for full account takeover through credential harvesting. By exploiting the SQL injection capability, attackers can read arbitrary contents from the database. A primary target identified in reports is the vte_userauthtoken table, which stores password reset tokens and potentially other authentication-related data. If an attacker successfully extracts these tokens, they can bypass standard authentication mechanisms by using them to reset passwords for high-privilege accounts or directly impersonate users without needing their actual passwords. This leads to a complete compromise of user confidentiality and integrity. Furthermore, the ability to read arbitrary database contents means that sensitive business information, customer data, and internal configurations are also at risk of exposure. The combination of low privilege requirements and high impact creates a significant threat landscape where even casual or compromised low-level accounts can be leveraged for major breaches.
In terms of industry standards, this vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which describes Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command, commonly known as SQL Injection. The attack vector is categorized under ATT&CK technique T1059, specifically command and scripting interpretation via database commands, although the primary goal here is data exfiltration rather than direct system execution. Additionally, the ability to bypass authentication controls relates to CWE-287, Improper Authentication, as it allows attackers to assume identities of other users through token theft. The vulnerability also touches upon CWE-613, Insufficient Session Expiration, if the stolen tokens remain valid for extended periods, further exacerbating the risk of persistent unauthorized access.
To mitigate this issue, immediate action is required by upgrading vtexxt to version 25.02.2 or later where these flaws have been addressed. For organizations unable to upgrade immediately, several defensive measures can be implemented at the application and infrastructure levels. Application-level mitigation involves implementing strict input validation for all parameters passed to database queries, particularly those involving dynamic field names. Using parameterized queries or prepared statements is essential to ensure that user input is treated strictly as data rather than executable code. Additionally, enforcing a whitelist approach for allowed field names can prevent the injection of arbitrary SQL syntax. At the network level, deploying Web Application Firewalls with rules specifically tuned to detect and block common SQL injection patterns may provide an additional layer of defense, though this should not be relied upon as the sole mitigation strategy due to potential false positives and evasion techniques. Regular security audits and code reviews focusing on database interaction layers are also recommended to identify similar weaknesses in other modules before they can be exploited by malicious actors seeking to escalate privileges or exfiltrate sensitive data.