CVE-2025-7451 in iSherlock-maillog-4.5
Summary
by MITRE • 07/14/2025
The iSherlock developed by Hgiga has an OS Command Injection vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server. This vulnerability has already been exploited. Please update immediately.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/14/2025
The CVE-2025-7451 vulnerability represents a critical operating system command injection flaw within the iSherlock security tool developed by Hgiga. This vulnerability exists in the authentication handling mechanisms of the system, where input validation is insufficiently implemented in the command processing pipeline. The flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject malicious operating system commands directly into the system through vulnerable input parameters. The vulnerability has been actively exploited in the wild, indicating that threat actors have already developed working exploits targeting this specific weakness.
The technical implementation of this command injection vulnerability stems from improper sanitization of user-supplied input within the iSherlock application's command execution framework. When the system processes user requests containing command parameters, it fails to adequately validate or escape special characters that could be interpreted as shell commands. This allows attackers to append malicious commands that get executed with the privileges of the application process, typically running with elevated system permissions. The vulnerability maps directly to CWE-77 which specifically addresses command injection flaws in operating systems, and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter. The attack vector requires no authentication, making it particularly dangerous as it can be exploited by anyone with network access to the vulnerable system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted. Remote code execution capabilities enable attackers to gain complete control over the affected server, potentially leading to data exfiltration, system compromise, and lateral movement within the network. The vulnerability affects the core functionality of the iSherlock security tool, which creates a particularly concerning scenario where an attacker can compromise a security monitoring system. This could result in complete bypass of security controls, data corruption, system downtime, and potential regulatory compliance violations. Organizations relying on this tool for security monitoring may experience complete loss of visibility into their network activities, as the attacker could disable or modify security logging mechanisms.
Immediate mitigation strategies must include applying the vendor-provided security patches as soon as they become available. Organizations should also implement network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable system, disable unnecessary network services, and monitor network traffic for suspicious command execution patterns. Additional defensive measures include implementing web application firewalls to filter malicious input, conducting thorough network scans to identify compromised systems, and establishing incident response procedures to handle potential exploitation. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of input validation and the principle of least privilege in security design. Organizations should also consider implementing runtime application self-protection mechanisms and regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities in other systems. Given the active exploitation status, immediate action is essential to prevent unauthorized access and maintain system integrity.