CVE-2025-7541 in Online Appointment Booking System
Summary
by MITRE • 07/14/2025
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Online Appointment Booking System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /get_town.php. The manipulation of the argument countryid leads to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/14/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-7541 represents a critical sql injection flaw within the code-projects Online Appointment Booking System version 1.0. This vulnerability specifically targets the /get_town.php endpoint where the countryid parameter serves as the attack vector. The flaw allows malicious actors to manipulate database queries through improper input validation, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive information stored within the system's backend database. The remote exploitation capability of this vulnerability significantly amplifies its threat level, as attackers can leverage this weakness from external networks without requiring physical access to the target infrastructure.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate sanitization of user-supplied input within the countryid parameter processing logic. When the application receives the countryid value through the get_town.php script, it fails to properly validate or escape the input before incorporating it into sql queries. This omission creates an opening for attackers to inject malicious sql commands that can manipulate the database structure, extract confidential data, or even modify existing records. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-89 which specifically addresses sql injection flaws, and represents a direct violation of secure coding practices that mandate proper input validation and parameterized queries. The fact that this vulnerability has been publicly disclosed and is actively exploitable means that threat actors have readily available techniques to leverage this weakness against affected systems.
The operational impact of CVE-2025-7541 extends beyond simple data theft to potentially compromise the entire appointment booking system infrastructure. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability to access patient records, appointment details, scheduling information, and potentially user credentials stored within the database. The exposure of such sensitive information could lead to privacy violations, regulatory compliance breaches, and significant reputational damage for organizations relying on this booking system. Additionally, the sql injection could enable attackers to escalate privileges within the database, potentially allowing them to execute administrative commands or even gain shell access to the underlying database server. This vulnerability directly maps to several ATT&CK techniques including T1190 for exploit public-facing applications and T1071.004 for application layer protocol traffic, as the attack occurs through standard web protocols. The remote nature of the exploit means that organizations cannot rely on network segmentation or internal firewalls as complete protective measures, as the vulnerability can be exploited from any location with internet connectivity.
Organizations utilizing the code-projects Online Appointment Booking System version 1.0 must implement immediate mitigations to address this critical vulnerability. The primary remediation involves implementing proper input validation and parameterized queries for all database interactions, particularly within the get_town.php script. This includes validating the countryid parameter to ensure it contains only expected numeric values and implementing proper sql escaping mechanisms. Security patches should be applied immediately if available from the vendor, or custom code modifications should be implemented to sanitize all user inputs before database processing. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls should be configured to monitor and block suspicious sql injection patterns targeting the affected endpoint. Additionally, organizations should conduct comprehensive vulnerability assessments to identify other potentially affected parameters within the application that may share similar input validation weaknesses. Regular security monitoring and logging of database access patterns should be implemented to detect any unauthorized access attempts that may exploit this vulnerability. The remediation process should also include updating all related components and ensuring that proper access controls are implemented to limit database privileges for the application's database user accounts.