CVE-2025-7598 in AX1803
Summary
by MITRE • 07/14/2025
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AX1803 1.0.0.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formSetWifiMacFilterCfg of the file /goform/setWifiFilterCfg. The manipulation of the argument deviceList leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/14/2025
This critical vulnerability exists in the Tenda AX1803 wireless router firmware version 1.0.0.1 and represents a stack-based buffer overflow condition within the formSetWifiMacFilterCfg function. The vulnerability is located in the /goform/setWifiFilterCfg file and specifically manifests when processing the deviceList argument parameter. The flaw arises from insufficient input validation and bounds checking within the router's web interface handling mechanism, creating a pathway for malicious actors to execute arbitrary code through remote exploitation. The vulnerability's classification as critical reflects its potential for widespread impact across affected devices and the ease with which it can be exploited by public adversaries. This buffer overflow condition occurs when an attacker supplies a malformed deviceList parameter that exceeds the allocated stack buffer space, potentially allowing for stack corruption and execution flow redirection. The remote attack vector eliminates the need for physical access to the device, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous for network administrators and end users who may not be aware of their exposure. The public disclosure of exploitation techniques further compounds the risk, as threat actors can immediately leverage this vulnerability without requiring advanced research or development time.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-121 Stack-based Buffer Overflow, where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent stack memory locations. This type of vulnerability falls under the ATT&CK technique T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services, specifically targeting web application interfaces that handle user input without proper sanitization. The attack surface is expanded through the web-based management interface of the router, where the formSetWifiMacFilterCfg function processes administrative configuration requests. When the deviceList parameter exceeds the buffer capacity, the overflow can overwrite return addresses, function pointers, and other critical stack variables, potentially enabling privilege escalation or complete system compromise. The vulnerability demonstrates poor input validation practices and inadequate memory management within the embedded firmware architecture, exposing the device to various attack vectors including remote code execution, denial of service, and persistent backdoor installation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond individual device compromise to potential network-wide disruption and unauthorized access. Network administrators managing multiple Tenda AX1803 devices face significant risk as a single exploited device can serve as a foothold for lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The vulnerability affects the wireless access control functionality, potentially allowing unauthorized devices to bypass MAC filtering mechanisms and gain network access. This compromise undermines the fundamental security posture of affected networks, as the router's primary security function becomes compromised. The remote exploit capability means that attackers can target vulnerable devices from anywhere on the internet, making network segmentation and firewall rules insufficient protection against this specific threat. Organizations relying on these devices for network security may experience unauthorized access to sensitive network resources, data exfiltration, and potential establishment of persistent command and control channels.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate firmware updates from Tenda, as the vendor is likely to release patches addressing the buffer overflow condition through proper input validation and bounds checking mechanisms. Network segmentation and firewall rules should be implemented to restrict access to the router's web management interface from untrusted networks, while strong authentication measures including multi-factor authentication should be enforced. Network monitoring and intrusion detection systems should be configured to detect anomalous traffic patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts, particularly targeting the /goform/setWifiFilterCfg endpoint. Regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other network devices, as this vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper input validation in embedded systems. Organizations should also consider implementing network access control lists and disabling unnecessary services to reduce the attack surface. The public disclosure of exploitation techniques necessitates immediate action, as the window for defensive measures is limited, and the vulnerability represents a high-priority threat requiring immediate attention from security teams responsible for network infrastructure protection.