CVE-2026-109670 in ERPNext
Summary
by MITRE • 10/13/2026
Frappe ERPNext before 15.110.0 and 16.x before 16.21.0 contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability caused by record names being rendered without escaping. Attackers with write access to item master data can store malicious script in a record name that executes in the browser of any operator who opens the affected page.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/13/2026
The identified security flaw resides within Frappe ERPNext versions prior to 15.110.0 and version 16.x prior to 16.21.0, representing a critical stored cross-site scripting vulnerability that compromises the integrity of user sessions and potentially leads to full account takeover. This specific weakness stems from an insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanism within the application's rendering engine for record names. When data is submitted by users with write access privileges, such as those managing item master records, the system fails to properly sanitize or escape special characters in the name field before storing it in the database. Consequently, when this maliciously crafted content is subsequently retrieved and displayed on a web page viewed by other operators, the browser interprets the embedded script tags as executable code rather than static text data. This behavior aligns directly with CWE-79, which classifies improper neutralization of input during web page generation, commonly known as cross-site scripting or XSS. The stored nature of this vulnerability distinguishes it from reflected variants, as the payload persists in the application's backend storage and is served to every victim who accesses the affected interface without requiring any additional interaction beyond viewing the compromised record.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its ability to execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of the authenticated user session. An attacker with write access to item master data can inject a payload designed to steal session cookies, capture keystrokes, or perform actions on behalf of the victim without their knowledge. For instance, an adversary could craft a script that exfiltrates sensitive authentication tokens to an external server controlled by the attacker, thereby allowing them to impersonate legitimate users and access restricted areas of the ERP system. Furthermore, because Frappe ERPNext is often deployed in enterprise environments handling critical business data, such as supply chain logistics or financial records, this vulnerability can serve as a foothold for more sophisticated attacks including privilege escalation or lateral movement within the internal network. The attack vector leverages the trust that users place in the application interface, exploiting the fact that operators routinely view item details and master lists during their daily workflows. This aligns with MITRE ATT&CK technique T1059, specifically sub-technique 007 for JavaScript execution, which describes how attackers use scripts to automate actions or steal data within a web browser environment.
Mitigation strategies must address both the immediate technical flaw and broader security posture improvements. The primary remediation is to upgrade Frappe ERPNext to version 15.110.0 or later, where this specific input handling issue has been resolved through enhanced output encoding practices. For organizations unable to patch immediately due to operational constraints, a temporary workaround involves implementing strict server-side validation that rejects any record names containing HTML tags or script-like patterns before they are persisted in the database. Additionally, deploying a Web Application Firewall with rules capable of detecting and blocking cross-site scripting payloads can provide an additional layer of defense by intercepting malicious requests at the network perimeter. It is also recommended to enforce Content Security Policy headers that restrict the execution of inline scripts, thereby neutralizing the impact even if some unescaped content manages to reach the client side. Regular security audits focusing on input validation across all user-facing forms and continuous monitoring for anomalous script executions in browser consoles will further strengthen resilience against such injection-based attacks.