CVE-2026-110465 in Tronclass
Summary
by MITRE • 10/14/2026
Tronclass developed by WisdomGarden has a Insecure Direct Object Reference vulnerability. Authenticated remote attackers can modify a specific parameter to alter the peer review scores of any student.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/14/2026
The identified security flaw resides in Tronclass, an educational platform developed by WisdomGarden, and is classified as an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR). This type of vulnerability occurs when an application uses user-supplied input to access objects directly without performing proper authorization checks. In the context of this specific implementation, the system fails to verify that the authenticated user has permission to modify data belonging to other entities within the database structure. Specifically, the peer review scoring mechanism allows for direct manipulation of student records through parameter tampering by an attacker who possesses valid credentials on the platform.
From a technical perspective, the vulnerability stems from the application's reliance on predictable or easily guessable identifiers when processing requests related to peer reviews. When an authenticated user submits a request to update a score, the backend logic likely accepts parameters such as student IDs or review session tokens without cross-referencing them against the current user’s permissions or ownership context. This lack of server-side validation enables remote attackers to alter the parameter values associated with any target student's record. By systematically iterating through these identifiers, an attacker can inject arbitrary scores into peer reviews intended for other users, thereby compromising the integrity of the assessment data stored within the system.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant, particularly in educational environments where fairness and accuracy are paramount. Peer review systems often contribute to final grades or academic evaluations; therefore, unauthorized modification of these scores can lead to unjustified grade inflation or deflation for affected students. This not only undermines the credibility of the Tronclass platform but also exposes WisdomGarden to potential legal liabilities regarding data integrity and student rights. Furthermore, such manipulation could be used maliciously by disgruntled users or competitors seeking to disrupt academic processes, leading to a loss of trust among educators, administrators, and students who rely on the system for objective evaluation metrics.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-639, which defines Insecure Direct Object Reference as a flaw where an application exposes a reference to an internal implementation object, such as a file, directory, or database key, without adequate access control checks. Additionally, from a threat modeling perspective using the MITRE ATT&CK framework, this behavior corresponds to techniques involving Account Manipulation and Data Injection, specifically under tactics like Defense Evasion or Impact depending on whether the goal is to hide activity or disrupt operations. The attack vector leverages existing authenticated sessions, making it difficult for basic intrusion detection systems that do not monitor application-layer logic anomalies to detect such tampering attempts in real time.
To mitigate this vulnerability, WisdomGarden must implement strict object-level authorization checks within the peer review module. Every request to modify a score should be validated against an access control matrix ensuring that only authorized reviewers assigned to specific students or groups can alter those particular records. Input validation alone is insufficient; server-side logic must verify ownership and permissions before processing any changes to database entries. Additionally, implementing rate limiting on scoring endpoints and logging all modification attempts with detailed audit trails will aid in detecting suspicious patterns of activity. Regular security code reviews focusing on data access controls are recommended to prevent similar flaws from persisting in other modules of the Tronclass application.