CVE-2026-110619 in frp
Summary
by MITRE • 10/14/2026
frp 0.41.0 through 0.71.1 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access pprof debug endpoints because handlers are registered on the root mux outside Basic Authentication. Attackers can query /debug/pprof/ endpoints on frps dashboard or frpc admin listeners to obtain cmdline, goroutine stacks, heap profiles, and trigger CPU profiling.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/14/2026
The vulnerability identified in versions of frp ranging from 0.41.0 through 0.71.1 represents a critical misconfiguration within the application's HTTP routing architecture that results in unauthenticated remote access to sensitive debugging interfaces. This flaw stems from the registration of pprof debug endpoints on the root multiplexer before the basic authentication middleware is applied or checked for those specific paths. In typical web server configurations, security controls such as authentication handlers are intended to wrap all incoming requests, ensuring that every endpoint requires valid credentials before processing. However, in this implementation, the developers registered the pprof routes directly on the default mux without binding them to the authenticated router instance or applying a global middleware chain that includes authentication checks for these specific paths. Consequently, any request directed at the debug endpoints bypasses the credential verification logic entirely, allowing unauthenticated actors to interact with internal diagnostic tools exposed by the Go runtime and standard library.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses severe risks to system integrity and confidentiality because it grants attackers access to a suite of profiling and debugging interfaces provided by the pprof package. These endpoints expose detailed information about the application's execution environment, including command-line arguments used to start the process, which may reveal sensitive configuration details such as internal IP addresses, secret keys, or database connection strings embedded in startup flags. Furthermore, attackers can retrieve goroutine stacks, providing a snapshot of all active threads and their current states, which aids in understanding the application's logic flow and identifying potential race conditions or deadlocks for further exploitation attempts. The ability to obtain heap profiles allows adversaries to analyze memory usage patterns, potentially leading to information disclosure about stored data structures or facilitating denial-of-service attacks by triggering excessive garbage collection cycles. Additionally, the capability to trigger CPU profiling can be abused to cause resource exhaustion on the host system, degrading performance for legitimate users and consuming significant computational resources indefinitely if not monitored.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-306, which describes a missing authentication flaw where an application fails to properly authenticate requests before granting access to protected functionality. It also maps directly to MITRE ATT&CK technique T1592.004, specifically Gather Victim Host Information via Query Configuration, as the attacker leverages exposed endpoints to collect system and configuration data without authorization. The exposure of these internal debugging tools in a production or externally facing environment is generally considered an anti-pattern, as pprof interfaces are designed for development and troubleshooting by authorized administrators rather than public consumption. When such interfaces remain accessible over unauthenticated network connections, they effectively serve as backdoors that bypass the application's primary security controls.
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations running affected versions of frp must upgrade to a patched version where these endpoints are either removed from external-facing listeners or properly secured with authentication middleware. If upgrading is not immediately feasible, administrators should implement reverse proxy configurations at the network edge to block access to paths starting with /debug/pprof/ unless explicitly required and authenticated via additional layers such as IP whitelisting or mutual TLS. It is also critical to audit all HTTP handlers in custom applications built on Go to ensure that security middleware like authentication and authorization checks are applied globally before specific route registrations, preventing similar misconfigurations from occurring elsewhere in the codebase. Regular vulnerability scanning should include checks for exposed debugging endpoints as part of standard application security assessments.