CVE-2026-1477 in Evaluación de Desempeño
Summary
by MITRE • 01/27/2026
An out-of-band SQL injection vulnerability (OOB SQLi) has been detected in the Performance Evaluation (EDD) application developed by Gabinete Técnico de Programación. Exploiting this vulnerability in the parameter 'Id_usuario' and 'Id_evaluacion’ in ‘/evaluacion_competencias_evalua_old.aspx’, could allow an attacker to extract sensitive information from the database through external channels, without the affected application returning the data directly, compromising the confidentiality of the stored information.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/11/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2026-1477 represents a critical out-of-band sql injection flaw within the Performance Evaluation application developed by Gabinete Técnico de Programación. This vulnerability specifically targets the parameter handling mechanism in the /evaluacion_competencias_evalua_old.aspx web page, where the Id_usuario and Id_evaluacion parameters are susceptible to malicious input manipulation. The out-of-band nature of this vulnerability distinguishes it from traditional sql injection attacks, as it leverages external communication channels to exfiltrate database information rather than relying on direct response mechanisms from the vulnerable application. This architectural characteristic makes the attack more sophisticated and potentially harder to detect through conventional network monitoring approaches.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and parameter sanitization within the application's backend processing logic. When user-supplied parameters are directly incorporated into sql queries without proper escaping or parameterization, attackers can craft malicious payloads that manipulate the database query execution flow. In this specific case, the vulnerability allows attackers to construct sql commands that can trigger external connections back to attacker-controlled servers, enabling the extraction of sensitive data through dns queries, http requests, or other network protocols. The affected application's failure to properly validate or sanitize the Id_usuario and Id_evaluacion parameters creates an exploitation pathway where malicious sql commands can be executed with the privileges of the database user account.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as it compromises the fundamental confidentiality assurances of the database system. Attackers can potentially extract complete database schemas, user credentials, personal information, and other sensitive data without leaving obvious traces in traditional application logs. The out-of-band nature of the attack means that data exfiltration occurs through indirect channels that may bypass standard network security controls, including firewalls and intrusion detection systems that typically monitor for direct sql injection payloads. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations that rely on the Performance Evaluation system for storing confidential employee data, making it a prime target for adversaries seeking to compromise personnel information and organizational intelligence. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-917, which specifically addresses "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command" and represents a sophisticated variant of sql injection that leverages external communication channels for data extraction.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2026-1477 require immediate implementation of parameterized queries and input validation mechanisms throughout the application's data handling processes. The primary defense involves ensuring that all user inputs are properly sanitized and that sql queries utilize parameterized statements rather than dynamic query construction. Organizations should implement web application firewalls and network monitoring solutions capable of detecting unusual external communication patterns that may indicate out-of-band sql injection attempts. Additionally, database access controls should be reviewed to ensure that the application's database user account has minimal required privileges, following the principle of least privilege. The vulnerability demonstrates characteristics consistent with ATT&CK technique T1071.004, which covers "Application Layer Protocol: DNS," as the out-of-band communication often utilizes dns resolution for data exfiltration. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, while comprehensive network traffic analysis should be implemented to detect unauthorized external communications that may indicate exploitation attempts.