CVE-2026-28811 in JSPWiki
Summary
by MITRE • 07/30/2026
Debug Messages Revealing Unnecessary Information in Apache JSPWiki up to 2.12.3. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.12.4, which fixes this issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/30/2026
Apache JSPWiki versions prior to 2.12.4 contain a vulnerability that exposes debug information through error messages and logging mechanisms, potentially revealing sensitive system details to unauthorized users. This issue stems from insufficient sanitization of diagnostic output where internal system paths, configuration parameters, and potentially sensitive data structures are included in error responses or debug logs. The vulnerability allows attackers to gain insights into the underlying system architecture, including file system locations, database connection details, and application configuration settings that should remain confidential.
The technical flaw manifests when the wiki application encounters errors during processing of user requests or internal operations. Instead of generating generic error messages, the system outputs detailed debugging information containing stack traces, variable values, and system-specific details that provide attackers with valuable reconnaissance data. This behavior occurs due to inadequate input validation and output filtering mechanisms within the application's error handling subsystem. The vulnerability represents a classic information disclosure weakness that can be categorized under CWE-209, which specifically addresses the exposure of sensitive information through error messages.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information leakage, as it significantly weakens the overall security posture of JSPWiki installations. Attackers can leverage the disclosed information to plan more sophisticated attacks targeting specific system components or configuration weaknesses. The exposed debug data may reveal database connection strings, file paths, and other sensitive parameters that could be exploited for privilege escalation or further compromise. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1212, which focuses on exploitation of information disclosure vulnerabilities to gain intelligence about the target environment.
Security practitioners should immediately implement the recommended upgrade to version 2.12.4, which addresses this issue through enhanced error handling mechanisms and proper sanitization of debug output. Additional mitigations include implementing proper log filtering to prevent sensitive data from being recorded in debug logs, configuring application-level security settings to disable verbose error messages in production environments, and establishing network-level monitoring to detect unusual patterns of information disclosure. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments to identify any other potential information disclosure vulnerabilities within their JSPWiki installations and ensure that all debugging features are properly disabled in production deployments. The fix implemented in version 2.12.4 demonstrates proper input validation and output sanitization practices that prevent the leakage of system-specific details through error reporting mechanisms.