CVE-2026-31850 in Nebula 300+
Summary
by MITRE • 03/23/2026
Nexxt Solutions Nebula 300+ firmware through version 12.01.01.37 stores sensitive information, including administrative credentials and WiFi pre-shared keys, in plaintext within exported configuration backup files. These backup files can be obtained through legitimate functionality or other weaknesses and do not apply encryption or hashing, allowing attackers to directly extract sensitive information.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/27/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2026-31850 affects Nexxt Solutions Nebula 300+ devices running firmware versions through 12.01.01.37, representing a critical security flaw in the device's configuration management practices. This issue stems from the improper handling of sensitive data during the backup process, where administrative credentials and WiFi pre-shared keys are stored in plaintext format within exported configuration files. The flaw directly violates fundamental security principles by exposing privileged authentication information without any form of cryptographic protection or obfuscation mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs within the device's backup functionality where configuration data is serialized and exported without adequate security measures. When users generate backup files through legitimate administrative interfaces, the system includes all configuration parameters, including authentication credentials, in an unencrypted format. This design flaw creates a persistent security risk as these backup files can be accessed through various attack vectors including direct system access, network interception, or by exploiting other vulnerabilities that may exist within the device's attack surface. The lack of encryption or hashing mechanisms means that any entity with access to these backup files can immediately extract and utilize the stored credentials for unauthorized system access or network compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple credential exposure, creating significant risk for network security and compliance. Attackers who obtain these backup files can immediately escalate privileges within the device, potentially gaining full administrative control over the Nebula 300+ system and any connected network infrastructure. The exposure of WiFi pre-shared keys allows unauthorized access to wireless networks protected by these devices, potentially enabling lateral movement within networks and data exfiltration. This vulnerability particularly affects organizations relying on these devices for network security, as it provides attackers with persistent access credentials that can remain valid for extended periods. The risk is compounded by the fact that these backup files are typically stored in accessible locations and may be shared across multiple administrators, increasing the potential attack surface.
Security standards such as CWE-312 (CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information) and CWE-316 (CWE-316: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in Memory) directly apply to this vulnerability, as the device stores authentication credentials in plaintext format within backup files. The ATT&CK framework's technique T1552.001 (T1552.001: Unsecured Credentials) and T1078 (T1078: Valid Accounts) are relevant to this flaw, as it enables attackers to obtain valid administrative credentials and subsequently maintain persistent access to the compromised system. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including disabling unnecessary backup functionality, implementing strict access controls on backup files, and establishing secure credential rotation procedures. Additionally, the device firmware should be updated to implement proper encryption of sensitive data within backup files, and network segmentation should be implemented to limit the impact of credential compromise. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure configuration management practices and demonstrates the critical need for cryptographic protection of sensitive data at all stages of system operation.