CVE-2026-51879 in DeepTutor
Summary
by MITRE • 10/02/2026
deeptutor 1.4.0 contains an authorization bypass through a user-controlled object identifier in TutorBotManager.write_bot_file. A remote caller can enumerate bot IDs and overwrite another bot's whitelisted control files through the HTTP tutorbot file route.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/02/2026
The vulnerability identified in Deeptutor version 1.4.0 represents a critical failure in access control mechanisms, specifically classified as an authorization bypass resulting from improper restriction of operations for user-controlled object identifiers. This flaw resides within the TutorBotManager.write_bot_file function, which is exposed via an HTTP route designed to handle file uploads or modifications related to bot configurations. The core technical issue stems from the application's failure to validate whether the authenticated user possesses sufficient privileges to modify the specific resource identified by the provided identifier. Instead of enforcing strict ownership checks or verifying that the requesting entity has administrative rights over the target bot, the system accepts any valid session token and applies it to the requested operation based solely on the input parameter supplied by the client.
From a technical perspective, this vulnerability allows for insecure direct object reference manipulation. A remote attacker can exploit this weakness by intercepting HTTP requests or crafting custom payloads that specify arbitrary bot identifiers in place of their own. By doing so, the attacker gains the ability to enumerate valid bot IDs within the system, effectively mapping out the infrastructure and identifying high-value targets. Once a target bot is identified, the attacker can overwrite its whitelisted control files. These control files likely dictate operational parameters or execution policies for the bots, meaning that modifying them allows an adversary to alter how specific automated agents behave without triggering standard security alerts associated with unauthorized access attempts.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted. First, the ability to enumerate bot IDs compromises the confidentiality of the system's architecture, revealing the number and potentially the nature of active bots. Second, the capacity to overwrite whitelisted control files introduces significant integrity risks. An attacker could inject malicious logic into these configuration files, leading to unauthorized data exfiltration, manipulation of educational content delivery if this is an e-learning platform, or even using the bot infrastructure for further attacks such as distributed denial-of-service operations or phishing campaigns. Since the bots are likely trusted entities within their operational environment, compromised control files may bypass additional security layers that rely on the integrity of these configurations.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-284, which describes Improper Access Control, and specifically maps to ATT&CK technique T1078, Valid Accounts, as it involves using legitimate credentials to perform unauthorized actions due to flawed logic rather than credential theft. It also relates to CWE-639, Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key, where the key used for authorization decisions is directly influenced by user input without adequate verification of ownership or permissions. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement strict object-level access controls that verify the relationship between the authenticated user and the requested resource before processing any write operations. This includes ensuring that only users with explicit administrative privileges can modify bot configurations and implementing server-side validation to confirm that the requesting user owns the specific bot ID being targeted. Additionally, introducing rate limiting and anomaly detection for file modification requests can help identify and block enumeration attempts in real-time.