CVE-2026-58552 in HarmonyOS
Summary
by MITRE • 07/15/2026
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the image codec module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/15/2026
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability within an image codec module represents a critical security flaw that can potentially compromise system confidentiality and integrity. This type of vulnerability occurs when the codec processing code attempts to access memory locations beyond the allocated buffer boundaries during image decoding operations. The flaw typically manifests when the image parser does not properly validate input parameters or buffer sizes before performing memory reads, creating opportunities for attackers to manipulate image data in ways that trigger unintended memory access patterns.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the codec module's failure to enforce proper bounds checking on image metadata or pixel data structures. When processing malformed or specially crafted image files, the parsing logic may interpret incorrect dimension values, color depth specifications, or compression parameters that cause subsequent memory access operations to read beyond allocated memory segments. This behavior can result in information disclosure through memory content exposure or potentially enable further exploitation vectors such as information leakage from adjacent memory regions containing sensitive data.
From an operational impact perspective, successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to service confidentiality breaches where attackers gain access to sensitive information stored in memory buffers. The vulnerability may allow adversaries to extract proprietary data, user credentials, system configuration details, or other confidential information that resides in memory locations adjacent to the vulnerable buffer. Such information disclosure can significantly compromise the security posture of systems relying on the affected image processing functionality.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-129, which specifically addresses insufficient input validation leading to out-of-bounds reads. This weakness is particularly concerning when considering ATT&CK framework mappings to techniques such as T1566 for initial access through malicious image files and T1005 for data hijacking. The attack surface expands when the affected codec module processes images from untrusted sources, including web uploads, email attachments, or file transfers where attackers can craft malicious payloads to trigger the out-of-bounds read condition.
Mitigation strategies should focus on implementing comprehensive input validation mechanisms within the image codec module, including strict bounds checking on all buffer access operations and proper parameter validation before processing. Regular updates and patches addressing known vulnerabilities in third-party codec libraries are essential, as many of these modules contain similar flaws across different implementations. Additionally, runtime protections such as memory protection boundaries, stack canaries, and address space layout randomization should be employed to limit the impact of potential exploitation attempts. Input sanitization techniques and secure coding practices that enforce proper buffer management and memory access controls form the foundation of effective defense against this class of vulnerabilities.