CVE-2026-63232 in Koollab
Summary
by MITRE • 07/29/2026
A SQL injection and unsafe deserialisation vulnerability in Koollab LMS allowed an authenticated attacker to inject through the assessment reinforcement endpoint, control data passed to unserialize(), write a webshell to a publicly accessible location, and execute arbitrary code on the server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/29/2026
The vulnerability identified in Koollab LMS represents a critical security flaw that combines SQL injection and unsafe deserialization techniques to enable remote code execution. This vulnerability exists within the assessment reinforcement endpoint, which serves as an entry point for authenticated attackers to exploit multiple layers of security weaknesses. The combination of these vulnerabilities creates a particularly dangerous attack vector where an attacker can first manipulate database queries through SQL injection and then leverage the deserialization flaw to execute arbitrary code on the target server.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates how a single authenticated session can be exploited to bypass multiple security controls. The SQL injection component allows attackers to manipulate database queries and potentially extract sensitive information or modify data structures within the application's backend. This initial foothold enables the attacker to craft malicious payloads that target the unserialize() function, which is inherently dangerous when processing untrusted input from user-controlled sources. The unsafe deserialization vulnerability occurs because the application fails to validate or sanitize the serialized data before passing it to the deserialization routine, creating an opportunity for attackers to inject malicious code.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data compromise to full system takeover capabilities. Once an attacker successfully exploits the SQL injection and deserialization flaws, they can write webshell files to publicly accessible directories within the web server's document root. This webshell deployment enables persistent access to the compromised system and allows for further reconnaissance, privilege escalation, and lateral movement within the network infrastructure. The ability to execute arbitrary code on the server means that attackers can install additional malware, establish backdoors, or use the compromised system as a launching point for attacks against other systems.
Security professionals should recognize this vulnerability pattern as consistent with common attack methodologies documented in the attack chain framework, particularly aligning with the exploitation phase of the kill chain. The vulnerability's characteristics match those described in CWE-89 for SQL injection and CWE-502 for unsafe deserialization, both of which are classified as high-risk security flaws by the Common Weakness Enumeration. Organizations implementing similar learning management systems should consider the MITRE ATT&CK framework's techniques related to command and control, persistence, and privilege escalation. The attack vector demonstrates how authentication bypasses or session manipulation can lead to remote code execution through well-known software vulnerabilities.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both the SQL injection and deserialization flaws simultaneously. Application developers should implement proper input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks while also ensuring that all deserialization operations use safe methods with proper input sanitization. Organizations should deploy web application firewalls to detect and block malicious payloads targeting these specific vulnerabilities, implement strict access controls to limit the impact of authenticated attacks, and conduct regular security assessments to identify similar flaws in other application components. Regular patching and code review processes are essential to prevent exploitation of these known vulnerability patterns that have been documented across multiple security advisories and vulnerability databases.