CVE-2026-75089 in Complaint Management System
Summary
by MITRE • 08/18/2026
A weakness has been identified in PHPGurukul Complaint Management System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file user/check_availability.php. This manipulation of the argument email causes sql injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/18/2026
The PHPGurukul Complaint Management System version 1.0 contains a critical security flaw within its user registration or verification module, specifically located in the file check_availability.php. This vulnerability manifests as an SQL injection weakness that arises from improper input validation and sanitization practices when handling user-supplied data. The specific parameter affected is the email address field, which serves as a primary identifier for checking if a user account already exists within the database. Instead of treating this input strictly as string data or escaping special characters appropriately before constructing the SQL query, the application directly incorporates the raw value into the backend database command. This failure to adhere to secure coding standards allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL syntax that alters the intended logic of the database query.
From a technical perspective, this flaw aligns with CWE-89, which classifies Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command. The absence of parameterized queries or prepared statements means that the application is vulnerable to classic injection techniques where special characters such as single quotes are not escaped. An attacker can manipulate the email input by appending SQL commands using standard delimiters and comment markers. This manipulation enables the extraction of sensitive data from the database, including user credentials, personal information stored in complaint records, or administrative hashes. Because the vulnerability resides in a web-accessible endpoint that likely processes requests over HTTP, it is classified as CWE-209, which involves the generation of error messages containing potentially harmful information, although the primary issue here is the injection itself leading to data exfiltration via CWE-89 and potential remote code execution if stacked queries are supported by the database engine.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe due to its remote exploitability. Since check_availability.php is typically part of a public-facing registration or login flow, it does not require prior authentication for an attacker to initiate the exploitation process. This characteristic places the flaw within MITRE ATT&CK technique T1190, Exploit Public-Facing Application, and potentially T1059, Command and Scripting Interpreter if stacked queries are utilized to execute system commands on the underlying server. The availability of public exploits significantly lowers the barrier for entry, allowing less sophisticated threat actors to compromise the system. Successful exploitation can lead to a complete breach of confidentiality and integrity for all data managed by the complaint management system, including sensitive personal identifiable information (PII) and potentially confidential organizational complaints.
To mitigate this vulnerability, immediate remediation is required at both the application code level and infrastructure configuration levels. Developers must refactor the check_availability.php script to utilize prepared statements with parameterized queries, ensuring that all user inputs are treated as data rather than executable SQL commands. This approach effectively neutralizes injection attempts by separating the logic of the query from the data being processed. Additionally, implementing strict input validation on the email field using regular expressions can provide a secondary layer of defense against malformed or maliciously formatted inputs. On an infrastructure level, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules tuned to detect SQL injection patterns can help block exploitation attempts while patches are applied. Regular security audits and static application security testing should be integrated into the development lifecycle to prevent similar weaknesses from being introduced in future updates of the PHPGurukul Complaint Management System or other applications relying on similar coding practices.