| Title | libvips 8.19.0(7fab325d2) Improper Validation of Array Index |
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| Description | In `libvips/conversion/bandrank.c`, function `vips_bandrank_build()` accepts user-controlled `index` but does not validate it against the runtime input count (`bandary->n`) when explicitly set. `vips_bandrank_buffer()` later uses `sort[bandrank->index]` directly, causing out-of-bounds access when `--index` exceeds the number of input images. The bug is reachable from normal `vips bandrank` CLI usage and is reproducible with ASAN as `heap-buffer-overflow`. |
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| Source | ⚠️ https://github.com/libvips/libvips/issues/4878 |
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| User | Niebelungen (UID 95430) |
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| Submission | 02/15/2026 16:00 (6 months ago) |
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| Moderation | 02/26/2026 17:33 (11 days later) |
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| Status | Accepted |
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| VulDB entry | 348010 [libvips 8.19.0 bandrank.c vips_bandrank_build index heap-based overflow] |
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| Points | 20 |
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