CVE-1999-1313 in FreeBSD
Summary
by MITRE
manual page reader (man) in freebsd 2.2 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges via a sequence of commands.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/03/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-1999-1313 affects the manual page reader utility known as "man" in FreeBSD versions 2.2 and earlier. This represents a privilege escalation flaw that enables local attackers to elevate their system permissions through specific command sequences. The issue stems from inadequate input validation and improper privilege handling within the man command implementation, creating a pathway for unauthorized privilege elevation.
The technical flaw manifests in how the man command processes certain input sequences and handles file operations during manual page rendering. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting specific command sequences that manipulate the program's execution flow, potentially allowing them to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. The vulnerability exists due to insufficient sanitization of user inputs and improper handling of file paths that the man utility processes during its operation.
This vulnerability has significant operational impact as it provides local users with a means to escalate privileges on FreeBSD systems, potentially allowing them to gain root access or other elevated permissions. The attack vector is particularly concerning because it requires only local system access, making it exploitable by users who already have login credentials. Once exploited, attackers can modify system files, install malicious software, or gain persistent access to the compromised system.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-20, which describes improper input validation, and relates to privilege escalation techniques commonly catalogued under ATT&CK matrix tactic TA0004. Organizations running affected FreeBSD versions should immediately apply security patches or upgrade to supported releases. System administrators should also implement monitoring for suspicious command sequences and review system access controls to minimize potential exploitation risks. The recommended mitigation involves upgrading to FreeBSD 2.2.8 or later versions where this vulnerability has been addressed through improved input validation and privilege handling mechanisms.
Additional security measures include restricting local user access where possible, implementing proper file permissions for man pages, and conducting regular security audits of system utilities. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and privilege separation in system utilities, particularly those that may be invoked by multiple user contexts. Organizations should also consider implementing privilege escalation monitoring and ensure that all system utilities undergo thorough security review processes before deployment.