CVE-2001-1041 in Database Server
Summary
by MITRE
oracle program in Oracle 8.0.x, 8.1.x and 9.0.1 allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files via a symlink attack on an Oracle log trace (.trc) file that is created in an alternate home directory identified by the ORACLE_HOME environment variable.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/19/2024
The vulnerability described in CVE-2001-1041 represents a critical file system security flaw affecting Oracle database versions 8.0.x, 8.1.x, and 9.0.1. This issue stems from improper handling of trace log files within the Oracle database environment, specifically when the ORACLE_HOME environment variable points to an alternate home directory. The vulnerability enables local attackers to exploit a symbolic link attack mechanism that allows them to overwrite arbitrary files on the system. The flaw occurs during the creation of Oracle log trace files with the .trc extension, which are typically used for debugging and diagnostic purposes within the database system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the manipulation of the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to point to a directory controlled by the attacker. When Oracle creates trace files in this alternate location, the system does not properly validate or sanitize the symbolic link references, allowing malicious users to create or manipulate symbolic links that point to critical system files. This creates a scenario where file operations intended for legitimate trace files can actually target and overwrite sensitive system files, configuration files, or other critical resources. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-59 as a "Improper Link Resolution" issue, specifically involving symbolic links that are not properly validated during file operations.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to database security and system integrity. Local attackers with minimal privileges can leverage this flaw to gain unauthorized access to system resources and potentially escalate their privileges within the database environment. The impact extends beyond simple file overwrites, as attackers could target critical system files such as configuration files, binary executables, or even system libraries that could lead to complete system compromise. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it operates at the file system level and does not require network access or complex exploitation techniques, making it easily accessible to any local user with basic system access.
The attack vector for this vulnerability is relatively straightforward and can be executed through simple file system manipulation techniques. An attacker would typically set up a malicious symbolic link in the alternate ORACLE_HOME directory before Oracle attempts to create its trace file, then execute database operations that trigger the trace file creation. This attack pattern aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter, as it involves manipulating the system environment to achieve unauthorized file operations. Organizations running affected Oracle versions should consider implementing immediate mitigations including proper file system permissions, environment variable validation, and monitoring for unauthorized symbolic link creation in database directories. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of proper privilege separation and secure configuration management practices that are fundamental to the principle of least privilege in cybersecurity frameworks.