CVE-2003-0099 in apcupsd
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple buffer overflows in apcupsd before 3.8.6, and 3.10.x before 3.10.5, may allow attackers to cause a denial of service or execute arbitrary code, related to usage of the vsprintf function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 05/11/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2003-0099 represents a critical security flaw in the apcupsd software suite, which serves as a daemon for managing APC (American Power Conversion) uninterruptible power supply systems. This vulnerability specifically targets versions prior to 3.8.6 and 3.10.x versions before 3.10.5, affecting systems that rely on APC power management solutions for critical infrastructure operations. The flaw stems from improper handling of input data within the software's logging and reporting mechanisms, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit the system through carefully crafted inputs that trigger buffer overflow conditions.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability leverages the dangerous vsprintf function, which lacks proper bounds checking when processing format strings. This function allows for direct manipulation of memory through format specifiers, creating opportunities for attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations in the program's stack. The buffer overflow occurs when the apcupsd daemon processes user-supplied data without adequate validation, particularly in logging functions that utilize vsprintf for formatting output messages. This flaw aligns with CWE-121, which categorizes stack-based buffer overflow conditions, and demonstrates the classic pattern of insecure string handling that has plagued numerous software systems throughout computing history.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios, as it provides attackers with the potential to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. When exploited, the buffer overflow can lead to complete system compromise, allowing unauthorized users to gain elevated privileges and control over the power management infrastructure. This is particularly concerning for enterprise environments where APC systems monitor and control critical power distribution equipment, potentially enabling attackers to disrupt power supply to essential services or gain access to sensitive network resources. The vulnerability affects both the daemon's ability to process legitimate input and its capacity to maintain system stability, creating cascading failures that could impact broader network operations.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2003-0099 require immediate patching of affected apcupsd installations to versions 3.8.6 or 3.10.5 and later, which contain proper bounds checking and input validation mechanisms. System administrators should implement network segmentation to limit access to APC management interfaces and consider disabling unnecessary logging features that might expose the vulnerable vsprintf usage. The remediation approach aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter usage, as attackers may attempt to leverage the vulnerability to establish persistent access through compromised system processes. Additionally, organizations should implement comprehensive monitoring for unusual logging patterns or system behavior that might indicate exploitation attempts, while maintaining detailed audit trails of power management system activities to detect potential compromise indicators.