CVE-2004-1192 in Citadel
Summary
by MITRE
Format string vulnerability in the lprintf function in Citadel/UX 6.27 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers sent to the server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2004-1192 represents a critical format string vulnerability within the Citadel/UX messaging system version 6.27 and earlier. This flaw exists in the lprintf function implementation, which serves as a logging mechanism for the server application. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of user-supplied input when formatting log messages, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to manipulate the program's execution flow through carefully crafted format specifiers.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when remote attackers send specially crafted format string specifiers to the Citadel/UX server. These specifiers, when processed by the vulnerable lprintf function, can cause the application to read from or write to arbitrary memory locations. This fundamental flaw in input validation and string formatting operations allows attackers to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the running process, typically the server daemon itself. The vulnerability falls under the CWE-134 classification for format string vulnerabilities, which specifically addresses the improper use of format specifiers in functions like printf and fprintf.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and far-reaching for any organization utilizing affected Citadel/UX systems. Remote attackers can gain complete control over the server, potentially leading to data breaches, system compromise, and unauthorized access to sensitive communications. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the messaging infrastructure, as attackers can not only execute code but also potentially manipulate or delete stored messages, user accounts, and system configurations. This represents a critical security risk that could enable persistent access to organizational communication channels.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2004-1192 involve immediate patching of the Citadel/UX software to version 6.28 or later, which contains the necessary fixes for the format string vulnerability. Organizations should also implement network segmentation to limit access to the affected server, disable unnecessary services, and monitor for suspicious network activity that might indicate exploitation attempts. The remediation aligns with standard ATT&CK techniques for command and control, where adversaries leverage format string vulnerabilities to establish persistent access. Security teams should also consider implementing application-level firewalls and intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation patterns. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other applications and systems within the network infrastructure.