CVE-2005-1263 in Linux
Summary
by MITRE
The elf_core_dump function in binfmt_elf.c for Linux kernel 2.x.x to 2.2.27-rc2, 2.4.x to 2.4.31-pre1, and 2.6.x to 2.6.12-rc4 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via an ELF binary that, in certain conditions involving the create_elf_tables function, causes a negative length argument to pass a signed integer comparison, leading to a buffer overflow.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/17/2024
The vulnerability described in CVE-2005-1263 represents a critical buffer overflow condition within the Linux kernel's ELF binary handling mechanism. This flaw exists in the elf_core_dump function located in binfmt_elf.c, affecting kernel versions ranging from 2.x.x through 2.2.27-rc2, 2.4.x through 2.4.31-pre1, and 2.6.x through 2.6.12-rc4. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of signed integer comparisons during the processing of ELF binary files, creating a scenario where maliciously crafted binaries can trigger unintended code execution.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability stems from a specific condition involving the create_elf_tables function which passes a negative length argument to a signed integer comparison operation. When the elf_core_dump function processes an ELF binary under these circumstances, the negative value bypasses validation checks that should prevent buffer overflows. This occurs because the comparison logic fails to properly account for negative values, allowing an attacker to manipulate the binary parsing process. The flaw falls under the CWE-121 category of Stack-based Buffer Overflow, where insufficient boundary checking enables memory corruption that can be exploited to execute arbitrary code.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant as it allows local users to gain elevated privileges and execute arbitrary code with kernel-level access. Attackers can craft specially designed ELF binaries that exploit the buffer overflow condition to overwrite critical kernel memory regions, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The vulnerability affects systems running vulnerable kernel versions where ELF binaries are executed, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users can execute programs or where privilege escalation opportunities exist. This type of vulnerability directly maps to ATT&CK technique T1068 which involves exploiting local privilege escalation opportunities, and T1059 which encompasses the execution of malicious code through system binaries.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate kernel updates to versions that contain the patched elf_core_dump function implementation. System administrators should prioritize applying security patches from their respective distribution vendors, as the vulnerability has been addressed through proper signed integer handling and buffer length validation. Additionally, implementing kernel security modules such as grsecurity or PaX can provide additional protection through stack canaries, address space layout randomization, and other exploit prevention mechanisms. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation and boundary checking in kernel space operations, particularly when dealing with user-supplied data that is processed through system call interfaces. Organizations should also consider implementing monitoring solutions that can detect anomalous binary execution patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts targeting this specific vulnerability.