CVE-2006-2238 in QuickTime
Summary
by MITRE
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apple QuickTime before 7.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted BMP file that triggers the overflow in the ReadBMP function. NOTE: this issue was originally included as item 3 in CVE-2006-1983, but it has been given a separate identifier because it is a distinct issue.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/17/2019
The vulnerability described in CVE-2006-2238 represents a critical heap-based buffer overflow condition within Apple QuickTime software versions prior to 7.1. This flaw resides in the ReadBMP function which processes bitmap image files, creating an exploitable condition that enables remote code execution. The vulnerability specifically targets the heap memory management system where insufficient bounds checking allows malicious data to overwrite adjacent memory locations. The issue was originally categorized as part of CVE-2006-1983 but was later separated due to its distinct nature and exploitation characteristics.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a classic heap overflow scenario where a crafted BMP file contains malformed data that exceeds the allocated buffer size during the ReadBMP function execution. When QuickTime processes this malicious file, the insufficient input validation causes the program to write beyond the boundaries of allocated heap memory chunks. This memory corruption can be manipulated by attackers to overwrite critical program variables, function pointers, or return addresses, ultimately allowing remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected application.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to users who may encounter malicious BMP files through various attack vectors including email attachments, web downloads, or compromised websites. The remote execution capability means attackers do not need physical access to the target system, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where users frequently interact with untrusted content. The impact extends beyond individual user compromise to potentially enable broader network infiltration and persistence mechanisms, as successful exploitation could lead to complete system control.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-122, which describes heap-based buffer overflow conditions, and demonstrates characteristics consistent with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter usage. Mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate patching of affected QuickTime installations to version 7.1 or later, where the buffer overflow has been addressed through proper input validation and memory boundary checks. Network administrators should implement content filtering measures to prevent the delivery of suspicious BMP files, while users should be educated about the risks of opening untrusted image files. Additionally, system hardening measures including heap protection mechanisms and address space layout randomization can provide additional defense-in-depth layers against exploitation attempts.