CVE-2006-4351 in OneOrZero
Summary
by MITRE
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in index.php in OneOrZero 1.6.4.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the id parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/02/2018
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2006-4351 represents a classic cross-site scripting flaw within the OneOrZero content management system version 1.6.4.1. This security weakness resides in the index.php script where user input is not properly sanitized before being rendered in web responses. The specific vector of attack involves the id parameter which serves as an entry point for malicious actors to inject harmful scripts or HTML code into the application's output. Such vulnerabilities fall under the broader category of CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation, which is a fundamental weakness in web application security that has been consistently identified as one of the most prevalent threats in the OWASP Top Ten. The vulnerability enables attackers to execute malicious scripts in the context of other users' browsers, potentially leading to session hijacking, data theft, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of victims.
The technical exploitation of this XSS vulnerability occurs when an attacker crafts a malicious URL containing script code within the id parameter and delivers it to unsuspecting users. When victims access the compromised page, the malicious code executes in their browser context, potentially stealing cookies, redirecting to malicious sites, or performing unauthorized actions. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that it affects the core index.php file, which likely serves as the primary entry point for the application's functionality, making it a high-value target for exploitation. This type of vulnerability demonstrates a critical failure in input validation and output encoding practices, where the application fails to properly escape or filter user-supplied data before incorporating it into dynamically generated web content. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this under T1566 - Phishing, as attackers can leverage such vulnerabilities to deliver malicious payloads through crafted web interactions.
The operational impact of CVE-2006-4351 extends beyond simple script execution, potentially allowing attackers to establish persistent footholds within the application environment. Successful exploitation could enable attackers to access user sessions, modify content, or redirect users to malicious domains. Given that OneOrZero was a content management system, the vulnerability could provide attackers with access to administrative functions if they could manipulate the id parameter to gain elevated privileges. Organizations using this version of the software would be particularly vulnerable to credential theft, as session cookies and authentication tokens could be harvested through the executed scripts. The vulnerability also represents a significant risk to user privacy and application integrity, as it allows attackers to manipulate the user experience and potentially establish backdoors for future access. Security professionals should note that this vulnerability type was particularly prevalent in legacy web applications and highlights the importance of input sanitization and output encoding practices that remain fundamental to modern web security frameworks.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2006-4351 involve immediate implementation of proper input validation and output encoding measures. Organizations should ensure that all user-supplied parameters, particularly those used in dynamic content generation, undergo rigorous sanitization before being processed or rendered. The recommended approach includes implementing strict input validation to reject or escape potentially harmful characters, along with proper output encoding techniques that prevent script execution in web contexts. Additionally, developers should implement Content Security Policy headers to further restrict script execution and prevent unauthorized code injection. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, as the root cause of this vulnerability - inadequate input sanitization - is a common pattern across many legacy web applications. The fix should involve updating the OneOrZero software to a patched version or implementing proper code modifications to sanitize the id parameter before it is used in the index.php script, ensuring that all user input is properly escaped according to the context in which it will be rendered.